Estimating and bootstrapping Malmquist indices

This paper develops a consistent bootstrap estimation procedure for obtaining confidence intervals for Malmquist indices of productivity and their decompositions. Although the exposition is in terms of input-oriented indices, the techniques can be trivially extended to the output orientation. The bootstrap methodology is an extension of earlier work described in Simar and Wilson (Simar, L., Wilson, P.W., 1998, Management Science). Some empirical examples are also given, using data on Swedish pharmacies. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved