Analisis manajemen kredit terhadap efektivitas penyaluran Kupedes (Kredit Umum Pedesaan): Studi Kasus Pada PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk. Cabang Probolinggo Unit Plaza Tahun 2009-2011

INDONESIA: Bank merupakan lembaga keuangan yang bekerja berdasarkan kepercayaan, dalam kegiatan operasionalnya bank selain menghimpun dana dari masyarakat dan menyalurkan kembali dana tersebut dalam bentuk kredit. Dalam penyaluran kredit, risiko yang seringkali terjadi pada bisnis perbankan adalah kredit bermasalah. Walaupun kredit bermasalah seringkali sulit dihindarkan, namun bank harus tetap mengelolanya secara hati-hati dan sedapat mungkin meminimalisir risikonya. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif, yang mana peneliti akan mendeskripsikan tentang manajemen kredit yang meliputi implementasi pemberian kredit, penyebab kredit macet dan penyelesaian kredit macet pada BRI Unit Plaza serta menilai efektifitas Penyaluran Kredit, yang dinilai dari pihak bank dan persepsi nasabah. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan dapat dikemukakan bahwa BRI Unit Plaza telah melakukan manajemen kredit sesuai dengan aturan-aturan yang ada. Menurut hasil wawancara dengan nasabah Kupedes, mereka telah merasa puas dengan kinerja penyaluran kredit mulai dari prosedur pemberian kredit hingga terealisasinya kredit. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa kinerja BRI dalam penyaluran kredit sudah efektif. Meskipun dinilai efektif, namun masih terjadi kredit bermasalah pada tahun 2011 sebesar 2,02% yang disebabkan oleh faktor debitur, yaitu terjadinya penurunan usaha dan adanya kebutuhan mendadak/pribadi. Sedangkan untuk menangani kredit bermasalah yang timbul pihak BRI Unit Plaza menggunakan model penyelesaian melalui restrukturisasi dan penyelesaian secara damai. ENGLISH: Bank is a financial institution that is managed based on trust. A bank’s operation is carried out by collecting fund from the community and distributing the fund back to the community in a form of credit. In the credit channeling, there is a risk which often happens on a banking bussines that is Non performing Loan. Although Non Performing Loan is difficult to avoid, the bank must still manage it carefully and reduce the risk wherever it is possible. This is a qualitative research with descriptive approach. It attempts to describe the credit management which includes some aspects such as the implementation of credit supply, the planning of credit, the analysis of credit, the cause and settlement of non performing loan in the Plaza Unit of BRI and the assesment of the effectiveness of credit channeling which is assessed from bank and customers perception. The result of the research indicates that the Plaza Unit of BRI has carried out the credit management based on the regulations. According to the result of interview done with the customers of Kupedes (General Rural Credit), most customers are satisfied with the credit channeling performance including credit supply up to the credit channeling procedure. Therefore, it can be said that the performance of Kupedes channeling of the Plaza Unit of BRI is favorable or effective. Although the Kupedes channeling is considered effective, the non performing loan has occurred in 2011 which has reached 2.02 % because of external factors. They include the debtor factor due to the business deterioration and sudden personal demand/needs. In dealing with the non performing loan, Plaza Unit of BRI employs problem-solving modes such as restructuring and peaceful settlement