Creating Climate Resilient Crop Management by Enhancing Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Associations in Coffee

Arbuscular mycorrhizae symbiotic association formed between the roots of most plant species and fungi is one of the approach in creating climate resilient agriculture. These symbiosis are characterized by bi-directional movement of nutrients where carbon flows to the fungus and inorganic nutrients move to the plant, thereby providing a critical linkage between the plant root and soil. Research data on arbuscular mycorrhizal association in coffee seedlings in Myanmar are summarized in this paper. Research has placed emphasis on a wider, multifunctional approach on development and effectiveness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the host, host dependency, resistance to transplant shock, nutritional and ecological aspects including nutrient and metal uptake of AMF inoculated plants, and beneficial association with soil microorganism. Verification of the ffectiveness of different AMF for promoting growth in the commercial nursery production of coffee seedlings indicated that growth response, nutrient and heavy metal uptake were significantly greater in soil inoculated with AMF when compared with those in soil without AMF. Study on association of AMF with soil microorganism indicated that combined growth-promoting effect of AMF, G. manihot and T. harzianum, T8 was found to occur in AMF inoculated plants when compared with those of non-inoculated coffee seedlings. Higher nutrient uptake of AMF inoculated coffee seedlings grown with leguminous cover crops show as building beneficial soil fungal communities. Over view of mycorrhizal symbiosis, based on nutritional and ecological aspects improve the understanding of responses to environmental and climatic perturbations for getting healthy plants and thriving mycorrhizal networks enhance crop resist to stressful conditions. Finally, suggestions of mycorrhizal technology application are drawn important in the AMF anagement of the climate resilient sustainable agriculture. Then, nutritional and ecological aspects indicate that mycorrhizl fungi is fundamental in re-designing a viable agricultural outcome for the future of food production