Costs of Controlling Ammonia Emissions in Europe

This paper presents the costs of controlling ammonia emissions in 27 countries in Europe. Abatement options are low nitrogen feed, stable adaptations, covering manure storage, cleaning stable air and low ammonia applications of manure. Cost estimates are based on country-, animal-, and technology-specific data such as stable size, fertilizer price, manure per hectare and the investments per animal place. The results suggest that a 30 per cent flat rate reduction would cost 5.5 billion Deutsche Marks/year, but would not be feasible everywhere in Europe. The maximum feasible reduction in total European emissions is 40 per cent. The associated costs are 67 billion Deutsche Marks/year