The Risk Factors Associated with Malaria Incidence in the Elelim Public Health Center in Yalimo District, Papua Province

Background: Malaria is still an endemic disease and one of Papua's health problems. Indonesia is the seventh largest in the world with 200,378 cases. In the province of Papua, the district of Yalimo is the third-highest with 18,821 cases. The Government is working to detect and prevent malaria in Papua Province by launching a program called "Malaria Elimination in Papua Province by 2030." Research Objectives: Identify the risk factors associated with malaria incidence at the Elelim Public Health Center in Yalimo District, Papua Province. Research method: The research method used in this study was an observational analysis with a case-control study approach. A sample of 90 patients consisted of 30 patients diagnosed with malaria as positive cases and 60 patients diagnosed with malaria as negative controls. This research was performed in July 2019. The statistical methods used in this analysis were univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses. Data gathered through questionnaires and interviews. Results: The bivariate analysis showed a number of risk factors associated with the incidence of malaria in the Elelim Public Health Center in Yalimo District, Papua Province: the use of wire mesh (p = 0.013; RP = 3.237; 95% CI = 1.302-8.047), the type of house wall (p = 0.003; RP = 4.316; 95% CI = 1.696-10.981), the puddle near the house (p = 0.004; RP = 4.333; 95% CI = 1.686-11.138), the distance between house and breading place (p = 0.001; RP = 5.675; 95% CI = 2.097-15.362), the distance between house and large cattle pens (p = 0.042; RP = 2.615; 95% CI = 1.048-6.529), and the use of insecticide net (p = 0.008; RP = 6.000; 95% CI = 1.668-21.583); while age (p = 0.695; RP = 0.740; 95% CI = 0.289-1.897), sex (p = 0.412; RP = 0.474; 95% CI = 0.193-1.165), occupation (p = 0.157; RP = 0.474; 95% CI = 0.193-1.165), education (p = 0.701; RP = 0.750; 95% CI = 0.299-1.878), family income (p = 0.262; RP = 0.546; 95% CI = 0.255-1.325), the use of anti-mosquito repellent (p = 0.705; RP = 1.321; 95% CI = 0.536-3.253), and nighttime habits (p = 0.392; RP = 1.650; 95% CI = 0.668-4.075) were not associated with malaria incidence in the Elelim Public Health Center in Yalimo District, Papua Province