ISOKINETIC ANALYSIS OF HIP FLEXORS AND EXTENSORS IN PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL PLAYERS

Nogomet jedna je od najpopularnijih sportskih igara današnjice koji od igrača zahtjeva visoku tjelesnu kondiciju. Nogometaši moraju adekvatno odgovoriti na sve izazove i opterećenja u kojima se mogu naći tokom treninga ili utakmica. Nogometaši prilikom izvođenja udaraca ili dodavanja više koriste dominantnu nogu u odnosu na nedominantnu. Stoga, za očekivati je da postoji bilateralna asimetrija. U ovom istraživanju izokinetičkom metodom ispitana je mišićna snaga, mišićna izdržljivost i indeks zamora fleksora i ekstenzora kuka dominante i nedominantne noge. Istraživanje je retrospektivnog karaktera gdje zatražen pristup bazi podataka izokinetičkih testiranja nogometnih igrača „HNK Rijeke“ u Thallassotherapiji Opatija. U statističku obradu je ušlo 56 ispitanika. U statističkoj obradi korišten je t test za zavisne uzorke između dominantne i nedominantne noge. Utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika u mišićnoj snazi između ekstenzorne muskulature dominantne i nedominantne noge (p=0,023) dok je kod fleksorne muskulature statistički značajna razlika na nivou (p=0,049). Dok nije utvrđena statistički značajna razlika u mišićnoj izdržljivosti između ekstenzorne i fleksorne muskulature dominantne u odnosu na nedominantnu nogu. Isto tako nije utvrđena statistički značajna razlika u indeksu zamora između ekstenzorne i fleksorne muskulature dominantne u odnosu na nedominantnu nogu. Odbacuju se hipoteze da se ujednačeno koriste obje noge u aktivnostima igrača što utvrđuje na postojanje bilateralne asimetrije. Bilateralna asimetrija negativno djeluje na igrače jer povećava rizik od ozljeđivanja što je u profesionalnom sportu negativno i za igrača i za klub. To ukazuje da trenažni proces za razvoj snage treba biti ravnomjerno usmjeren na oba ekstremiteta, dok rezultate u mišićnoj izdržljivosti i indeksu zamora opravdavamo samom tipu ovog sporta jer iziskuje jako dobru tjelesnu kondiciju.Football is one of the most popular sports games of today, requiring players to have high physical fitness. Football players must adequately respond to any challenges and workloads they may find during training or matches. Football players use the dominant foot more than the non-dominant player when striking or adding. Therefore, bilateral asymmetry can be expected. In this study, the iso-kinetic method examined the muscular strength, muscular endurance and fatigue index of the flexors and hip extensors of the dominant and non-dominant legs. The study is retrospective in nature, where access to the database of isokinetic testing of the football players of "HNK Rijeka" at Thallassotherapy Opatija was requested. 56 respondents entered the statistical analysis. In the statistical analysis, a t test was used for the dependent samples between the dominant and non-dominant legs. A statistically significant difference in muscular strength was found between the extensor muscles of the dominant and non-dominant legs (p = 0.023), while in the flexor muscles there was a statistically significant difference at the level (p = 0.049). Until a statistically significant difference in muscular endurance was found between the extensor and flexor muscles dominant to the non-dominant leg. Likewise, no statistically significant difference in fatigue index was found between the extensor and flexor muscles dominant with respect to the non-dominant leg. The hypothesis that both legs are equally used in player activity is rejected, which establishes the existence of bilateral asymmetry. Bilateral asymmetry has a negative effect on players as it increases the risk of injury, which in professional sports is negative for both the player and the club. This indicates that the training process for the development of strength should be evenly focused on both extremities, while the results in muscular endurance and fatigue index justify the type of sport as it requires very good physical fitness