A high-fat challenge increases airway inflammation and impairs bronchodilator recovery in asthma

Background: Dietary fat activates systemic innate immune responses, but the effect on airway responses is unknown. Objective: To examine effects of a high-fat versus low-fat meal on systemic and airway inflammation in asthma. Methods: Nonobese subjects with asthma were randomized to consume a high-fat (n = 19; 48% [49 g] fat) or low-fat (n = 18; 15% [3 g] fat) meal. Fourteen obese patients with asthma and 21 healthy controls also consumed a high-fat meal. Another group of patients with asthma consumed a high-trans (n = 5; 5.2 g trans fat) or nontrans (n = 5,