The semantic groups of prefixal verbs in the persian language and their functional equivalents (using the verb برداشتن [bar-dāštan] as an example)

The article discusses functional equivalent relationships that play an important role in the phenomenon of linguistic variation. Within the framework of the topic, the opinions of leading linguists are presented, analyzed and conclusions are given. It is emphasized that functional equivalents play a key role in expanding the possibilities of expression, and as one of the prefixal verbs with such characteristics in the Persian language, the verb برداشتن [bar-dāštan] is widely studied as an object of research and its lexical-semantic variants are defined. The lexical-semantic variants are classified, divided into semantic groups and the functional equivalents of each semantic group are determined. Identified functional equivalents are analyzed on the basis of sources. The study identifies 18 lexical-semantic variants of the prefixal verb برداشتن [bar-dāštan], divides them into four groups of meanings and presents the functional equivalents of each group of meanings. In the next place, based on the size of the article, only functional equivalents with the values take (from the place), lift (from the place), take (in the hands) which belong to the first group of values - “take”, are discussed in more detail. At the end of the study, it is concluded that prefixal verbs, which are considered less numerous than simple and compound verbs in the Persian language, are also polysemantic