Continuous-Time Models

This book is a definitive introduction to models of computation for the design of complex, heterogeneous systems. It has a particular focus on cyber-physical systems, which integrate computing, networking, and physical dynamics. All of the methods covered in the book are realized in the open source Ptolemy II modeling framework and are available for experimentation through links provided in the book. The book is suitable for engineers, scientists, researchers, and managers who wish to understand the rich possibilities offered by modern modeling techniques. The goal of the book is to equip the reader with a breadth of experience that will help in understanding the role that such techniques can play in design. The techniques in this book can be applied to modeling, for example, embedded software systems, mechanical systems, electrical systems, control systems, biological systems, and - most interestingly - heterogeneous systems that combine elements from these (and other) domains