New detector technologies for astronomy

This work contains a description of studies undertaken with the objective of improving the efficiency of astronomical instrumentation, particularly in terms of telescope-time usage. The primary technology discussed is the focal plane detector mosaic. A complete description of this new concept is given, covering the relevant background topics, including: image sensors; ranging from infra-red to X-ray wavebands, medium and large sized optical telescopes, imaging systems, spectrographic instruments and work in other related areas, for example; fibre-optics, medical imaging applications, remote sensing. Working prototypes of system components, embodying the new techniques developed are described. Results of tests including the system parameters: instrument noise, detector noise, detector cross-talk and detector linearity are given. A comparison of two alternative strategies for the operation of a focal plane detector mosaic is made. Software, including a novel detector control language and compiler developed specifically for the control of the system is discussed. Code portability is stressed. Collaborative work with an industrial partner (EEV Ltd.) on a unique four-side buttable imaging charge-coupled device is described. Observations on likely future developments in the field are included as part of the concluding remarks