Bandwidth enhancement for small patch antenna using PBG structure for different wireless applications

A design strategy using Photonic Band Gap (PBG) structure on ground plane to achieve wider bandwidth for patch antenna is presented. It is found that, the impedance bandwidth has improved from 3.72% to 31.9% at centre frequency 9 GHz after adding PBG on the ground plane. The antenna has multi band operations at 5, 6 and 9 GHz. E-Plane and H-plane radiation patter is satisfied within this band