Quinolone resistance mechanisms in Salmonella enterica serovars Hadar, Kentucky, Virchow, Schwarzengrund and S. enterica spp. enterica serovar 4,5,12:i:- isolated from humans in Switzerland: Identification of a novel qnrD variant, qnrD2

Human isolates of Salmonella enterica serovars Hadar, Kentucky, Virchow, Schwarzengrund, and the monophasic variant of S. Typhimurium, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar 4,5,12:i:- were examined for mutations within the quinolone resistance target genes gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE and for plasmid-mediated resistance genes. Differences were observed among the serovars. A novel variant of qnrD, qnrD2, was detected in an S. Hadar isolate