Charred wood and plant microremains associated to Neosclerocalyptus sp. (Cingulata, Chlamyphoriidae, Glyptodontinae) from the Upper Pleistocene of Western Chaco, Argentina

The Chaco Region is the third biogeographic and morpho-structural territory of South America after the Amazon and Cerrado savannahs. This Region is one of the few areas in the world where the transition from the tropics to temperate zones does not consist of a desert but of semi-arid woodlands and savannahs. The modern biodiversity patterns of the region were severely affected by the climatic and environmental changes that occurred during the Quaternary. Remains of an extinct megamammal Neosclerocalyptus sp. (Upper Pleistocene) and charred fossil woods inside of sedimentary nodules, was recently discovered in Chaco Argentina. The aim of paper is the paleoenvironmental reconstruction of quaternary sedimentation in the western Chaco through the taxonomic identification of charred woods and siliceous microfossils analysis. Twenty-three charcoal fragments related to Anacardiaceae, Apocynaceae, Fabaceae, Rhamnaceae and Malvaceae were identified. The phytolith analysis showed that Poaceae elements were the most abundant compared to the other herbaceous and non-herbaceous elements, along with algae and sponge microfossils. Eco-anatomic features of the charcoals and the microfossil remains suggest that environment and climate conditions existed in the area during the Upper Pleistocene were similar to the current one. Finally, the results reveal the presence of natural wildfires during the Quaternary in the region.EEA Santiago del EsteroFil: Ramos, R. Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. CICYTTP. Laboratorio de Paleobotánica. Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos. CICYTTP. Laboratorio de Paleobotánica; ArgentinaFil: Contreras, Silvina A. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral. Laboratorio de Paleontología y paleoambientes del Neógeno y Cuaternario. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral. Laboratorio de Paleontología y paleoambientes del Neógeno y Cuaternario; ArgentinaFil: Vezzosi, Raúl. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. CICYTTP. Laboratorio de Paleontología de Vertebrados. Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos. CICYTTP. Laboratorio de Paleontología de Vertebrados; Argentina. Universidad de la República. PEDECIBA; UruguayFil: Leon, D. Catriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. INDES. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. INDES; ArgentinaFil: Tasso, Juan Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria santiago del Estero; Argentina