Road Transportation Industry Facing the Energy and Climate Challenges

On a worldwide scale, vehicles, which constitute the transportation sector, play a major role in supporting the other productive sectors. In addition, the automobiles help promoting the living standards of human beings by satisfying the needs of most people in their daily activities. Nowadays, for the traction or repulsion of vehicles, the overwhelming majority of these automobiles are equipped with internal combustion engines (ICE); however, the automotive industry is moving steadily toward the adoption of new technologies because of the rapid depletion of fossil fuels and climate challenges caused by the transport sector, which accounts for the 27% of global energy consumption and for 33.7% of pollutant emissions and green house gas (GHG). For road transportation sector, the fuel-cell electric vehicle is one of the promising solutions advocated by car manufacturers and research entities to replace gradually conventional vehicles