THE COCHLEAR IMPLANT-TECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE

Umjetna pužnica je relativno mlada,visoko sofisticirana tehnologija koja se primjenjuje u medicini. Danas je implantacija umjetne pužnice rutinska operacija,no s napretkom tehnologije samog aparata te otvaranjem novih operativnih mogućnosti ovo se područje i dalje intenzivno razvija. Poseban izazov su operacije kod dojenčadi i prelingvalno gluhe djece. Prije implantacije osoba mora napraviti detaljne dijagnostičke pretrage kojima se kandidira za samu operaciju. Nakon operacije,koja je uspješna ako se ne jave nuspojave operativnog zahvata i ako se elektrode umjetne pužnice pozicioniraju na optimalno mjesto, svakog nositelja umjetne pužnice čeka dugotrajan i intenzivan trening slušanja,a prelingvalno gluhe osobe i trening govora i savladavanja materinjeg jezika. Nezaobilazan faktor u uspješnoj iskoristivosti potencijala umjetne pužnice je prilagodba procesora govora. Od dijagnosticiranja teške nagluhosti i gluhoće,operativnog zahvata,prilagodbe procesora govora te habilitacije ili rehabilitacije slušanja i govora, osobu prate stručnjaci raznih profila koji djeluju timski. Multidisciplinarni pristup je temelj uspješnosti u radu s korisnicima umjetne pužnice jer od njene proizvodnje,preko ugradnje i samog korištenja,obuhvaća raznovrsna znanstvena područja koja se prožimaju,a krajnji cilj im je maksimalna učinkovitost za implantiranu osobu. Obvezna je edukacija i podrška obitelji s kojom osoba živi jer uz svu moguću stručnu podršku ipak najviše vremena provodimo u obitelji koja ima svoje mnogostruke i važne uloge.The cochlear implant is a relatively new, highly sofisticated technology which is applied in medicine. The implantation of cochlear implant is a routine operation nowadays, but with the advancement of the technology of the applience itself and the opening up new operational capabilities, this area continues to develop intensively. Operations on infants and prelingual deaf children are especially challenging. Before the implantation the person must take detailed diagnostic tests that run before the operation itself. After the implantation,which is successful if no side effects of implantation are reported and if the electrodes of the cochlear implant are optimally positioned, each carrier with the cochlear implant awaits long lasting and intense listening training,and prelingual deaf children also a training of speech and mastering of their mother tongue. The adaptation of the speech processor is an unavoidable factor in the successful usability of the potential of the cochlear implant. From diagnosing severe hearing loss and deafness,then implantation,adaptation of the speech processor and habilitation and rehabilitation, a person is backed up by a variety of team-specific professionals. A multidisciplinary approach is the foundation of success in working with the users of cochlear implants because since its production,through installation and use, it covers a variety of scientific areas that are interconnected and the ultimate goal is their maximum efficiency for the implanted person. It is compulsory to educate and support the family with which the person lives because with all possible professional support,however,we spend most time in the family that has its many and important roles