FEASIBLE OPTIONS TO REDUCE GREENHOUSE GASES EMISSION FROM AGRICULTURE AND ITS EFFECT TO MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES IN INDONESIA

Agriculture sectors can affect the net emissions of the greenhouse gases methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), as well as carbon (C) sources and sinks. Applying nitrogen fertilizers such as urea to soils have greatly increased N2O emission, meanwhile keeping water flooding in rice field lead the emit of CH4. Several options were propose for mitigate the greenhouse gases from agriculture land that including water management and apply organic material in rice field, while in arable field usually corporate a nitrification inhibitor with nitrogen fertilizer to reduce the emission of CH4 and N2O, respectively. In this paper, several works have been done to find-out the effectiveness and feasibility of options to reduce greenhouses gases fluxes from agriculture land. The experiments were consisted field works by collecting greenhouse gases by closed-chamber technique. The changes of microbial community structure were observed both by most probable number and standard plate count. The results suggest that 1) There are a potential for reducing emissions of N2O by applying nitrification inhibitor in arable land, while The CH4 flux was reduced by controlled water level in rice field, 2) Types of nitrogen fertilizers influenced the N2O productions but did not significantly alter the structure of microbial communities