Effectiveness of Interventions for Hepatitis B and C: A Systematic Review of Vaccination, Screening, Health Promotion and Linkage to Care Within Higher Income Countries

Multiple scales have been developed to measure HIV-related stigma among healthcare providers in lower and middle-income countries. As part of this study to measure HIV stigma in healthcare providers in Australia, we conducted a systematic search to identify and evaluate existing tools designed to measure HIV-related Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAPs) among healthcare providers in higher-income countries. Seven studies were identified that quantitatively assessed perceived HIV stigma among healthcare providers from the patient and/or provider perspectives, including HIV stigma as a primary outcome. These seven studies identified adapted forms of four HIV stigma scales. Assessment of HIV stigma among providers is valuable to better understand how this phenomenon may adversely impact health outcomes, and to inform interventions to reduce stigma and improve healthcare. Developing provider-centred stigma-reduction interventions may also help advance international HIV prevention and care goals