Circular economy on farms with different production systems in northeast slovenia

Krožno gospodarstvo na kmetijah je osnova za vzpostavitev povezave snovnih in energijskih tokov v družbi. V kmetijstvu se pojavljajo različni načini pridelave. Vsak od načinov kmetovanja upošteva svoja priporočila in smernice znotraj veljavne zakonodaje. Cilj magistrskega dela je izdelati študije primerov kmetij in jih primerjati glede na način pridelave. Oblikovali smo kazalnike za krožno gospodarjenje na kmetijah, zanimalo pa nas je, kateri način pridelave dosega največ kriterijev in je najbližje idealnemu stanju krožnega gospodarstva na kmetijah. Namen magistrskega dela je raziskati procese, stanje in razširjenost krožnega gospodarstva v kmetijstvu. Na študijah primerov kmetij s konvencionalno, ekološko in biodinamično pridelavo v severovzhodni Sloveniji smo ugotavljali stanje krožnega gospodarstva v kmetijstvu. Z anketnim vprašalnikom smo anketirali dve konvencionalni, tri ekološke in dve biodinamični kmetiji. Med kmetijami z različnimi načini pridelave je prišlo do različnega doseganja identificiranih kriterijev. Vse kmetije, vključene v raziskavo, dosegajo več kot polovico identificiranih kazalnikov za krožno gospodarstvo na kmetijah, prav tako pa si vse kmetije želijo razširiti krožno gospodarstvo v svojem gospodarjenju. Vse kmetije se poslužujejo kroženja biomase, zorenja živinskih gnojil in organskih stranskih produktov, gospodarjenja z deževnico, uporabe embalaže iz naravnih virov ali pa z njo ne poslujejo ter poznavanja in skrbi za naravne danosti kmetijskega gospodarstva. Največ kazalnikov za krožno gospodarjenje na kmetijah dosega biodinamičen način pridelave (93 %), nekoliko manj jih dosega ekološki način pridelave (76 %) najmanj pa jih dosega konvencionalni način pridelave (60 %).Circular economy on farms is the basic for restorating material and energetic flows in society. In agriculture, there are different production methods. Each of these farming methods follow their own recommendations and guidelines within the applicable legislation. The aim of the master\u27s thesis is to make case studies of farms and compare them according to the method of production. Indicators for circular management on farms were developed and it was investigated which method of production meets the most criteria and is closest to the ideal state of circular economy on farms. The purpose of the master\u27s thesis was to research the processes, state and prevalence of circular economy in agriculture. In case studies of farms with conventional, organic and biodynamic production in north-eastern Slovenia, we were researching the state of circular economy in agriculture. We surveyed 2 conventional, 3 organic and 2 biodynamic farms with a questionnaire. There were differences in meeting identified criteria between farms with different production methods. All farms included in the survey met more than half of the identified indicators for circular economy on farms, and all farms wanted to expand the circular economy on their farms. All farms used biomass circulation, composting, rainwater management, use of packaging from natural resources or none at all, and care about the natural conditions on the agricultural holding. The highest indicators for circular management on farms were achieved in biodynamic farming (93 %), slightly less in organic farming (76 %) and the least in conventional farming (60 %)