Use of working material in the 2nd age group in kindergartens in the municipality of Velenje

Diplomsko delo z naslovom Uporaba delovnih gradiv v 2. starostnem obdobju v vrtcih občine Velenje je sestavljeno iz teoretičnega, empiričnega in praktičnega dela. Teoretični del smo razdelili na tri sklope. V psihološkem sklopu smo predstavili Piagetovo fazo intuitivne inteligence in fazo konkretno intelektualnih operacij, dejavnike razvoja in možnosti za tehnične dejavnosti v posameznih razvojnih obdobjih. V tehnično-tehnološkem sklopu smo podrobneje opisali delovna gradiva: papir, les, umetne mase in kovine. V zadnjem, didaktičnem, sklopu smo zajeli opis delovne, konstrukcijske in projektne naloge ter vsebino in cilje tehnično-tehnološke vzgoje v vrtcu. V empiričnem delu so predstavljeni rezultati, pridobljeni z empirično raziskavo. Podatke smo pridobili s pomočjo ankete za vzgojitelje in vzgojiteljice Vrtca Velenje. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 28 vzgojiteljev in vzgojiteljic iz drugega starostnega obdobja. Ugotovili smo, da vzgojitelji le enkrat do dvakrat tedensko obravnavajo tehnično-tehnološke vsebine. Najpogosteje z otroki spoznavajo in ustvarjajo z delovnimi gradivi papir in les, redkeje ustvarjajo z umetnimi masami, skoraj nikoli pa ne posegajo po kovinah. Izhajajoč iz ugotovitev empiričnega dela, smo v praktičnem delu predstavili izdelke iz različnih delovnih gradiv (papir, les, umetne snovi in kovine) za predšolske otroke drugega starostnega obdobja. Pri vsakem izdelku so navedeni potrebni materiali, pripomočki in orodja, podroben potek izdelave izdelka s slikovnimi ponazoritvami ter ključni elementi varnosti pri delu.The diploma thesis entitled The use of work materials in the 2nd age period in kindergartens of the Municipality of Velenje consists of theoretical, empirical and practical part. The theoretical part is divided into three segments, In the psychological part, we have presented Piaget\u27s phase of intuitive intelligence and the phase of concrete intellectual operations, factors of development and possibilities for technical activities in each developmental periods. In the technical and technological part, we have described in more detail the working materials: paper, wood, plastics and metals. The last didactic part includes a description of the work, design and project tasks, as well as the content and goals of technical - technological education in kindergarten. The empirical work presents the results obtained through empirical research. Data were obtained with the help of a questionnaire for kindergarten teachers of kindergarten Velenje. The study involved 28 educators from second age range. It is found that educators only discuss technical and technological content once or twice a week. Most often, children are offered learning materials: paper and wood, rarely they create with plastics, and often neglect to process with metal. The practical part presents practical products from working materials (paper, wood, plastics and metals) for pre-school children of the second age range. Each product lists the necessary materials, supplies, tools, as well as a detailed manufacturing process for the product with graphic illustrations