International audienceLocated in the Eastern desert of Egypt, Samut North is a site entirely devoted to gold mining. Consisting of areas for the extraction and transformation of gold quartz and two vast buildings dedicated to housing, it was briefly occupied around 310 BC. Before they were destroyed in 2017, the remains of Samut North were exceptionally well preserved and their exploration represented a unique opportunity to fully study a mining facility at the height of gold mining in Egypt. It was also a chance to compare the evidence of the archaeological remains with the descriptions of the ancient mines left by Agatharchides of Cnidus, who lived in the 2nd century BC.The comparison of the data makes it possible to draw up an unpreceden...