The role of the nurse in the treatment of the patient after hip operation with an emphasis on the making of nursing diagnoses

Uvod: Zlom kolka je zelo pogosta poškodba v okviru starejše populacije in velikokrat znatno poslabša kakovost življenja starostnikov, saj naenkrat postanejo odvisni od pomoči drugih. Pri okrevanju po operacijskem zdravljenju zloma je vloga medicinske sestre nadvse pomembna, saj večino časa preživi s pacientom, mu pomaga pri vseh temeljnih življenjskih aktivnostih in ga spodbuja, da si čim prej opomore. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je opredeliti vlogo medicinske sestre pri pacientu z zlomom kolka v pooperativnem obdobju. Cilj diplomskega dela je predstaviti zdravstveno nego pacienta po operaciji kolka glede na izbrane temeljne življenjske aktivnosti in izpostaviti nekatere negovalne diagnoze, ki jih je oblikovalo internacionalno združenje za razvijanje negovalnih diagnoz (NANDA-I). Metode dela: V diplomskem delu je bila uporabljena opisna metoda dela s pregledom domače in tuje literature s področja zdravstvene nege. Pri iskanju strokovne in znanstvene literature smo si pomagali s podatkovnimi zbirkami Cinahl, Medline in ScienceDirect ter s spletnim brskalnikom Google Učenjak. Iskali smo tudi strokovne revije v slovenskem in tujem jeziku, ki so dosegljive prek dostopa na daljavo knjižnice Zdravstvene fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani. Iskanje literature je potekalo od oktobra 2019 do marca 2020. Na podlagi prebranih izvlečkov in naslovov smo izbrali 16 tujih in 24 slovenskih člankov, ki smo jih podrobno analizirali in vključili v diplomsko delo. Rezultati: Pri obravnavi pacienta so v ospredju negovalne diagnoze pri temeljnih življenjskih aktivnostih, ki so povezane z varnostjo in jih pacient zaradi bolečine, omejitve gibanja ali vpliva anestezije in analgetikov ter splošnega slabega počutja ni sposoben samostojno izvesti. Razprava in zaključek: Natančna ocena trenutnega stanja in oblikovanje negovalnih diagnoz sta v obdobju po operaciji zelo pomembni, saj tako medicinske sestre lažje izpostavimo življenjske aktivnosti, pri katerih pacient potrebuje našo pomoč, in učinkoviteje načrtujemo delo, kar posledično pripomore k hitrejšemu okrevanju in preprečevanju morebitnih pooperativnih zapletov.Introduction: Hip fractures are a very common injury in the elderly population and often severelz worsen the quality of life of the elderly, as they suddenly become dependent on the help of others. With recovery after surgical treatment of a fracture, the role of the nurse is very important since she spends most of her time with the patient and helps him with all the basic activities of life, and encourages him to return to the pre-injury state as soon as possible. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is define the role of the nurse in a patient with a hip fracture in the postoperative period. The aim of the diploma work is to present the nursing care of the patient after hip surgery according to the selected ones basic life activities and highlight some of the nursing diagnoses it has formed by the National Association for the Development of Nursing Diagnoses (NANDA-I). Methods: In the diploma work, a descriptive method of work with a review of domestic and foreign was used for literature in the field of nursing. We are looking for professional and scientific literature help with the CINAHL, MEDLINE and ScienceDirect databases and with the web Google Scholar browser. We were also looking for professional magazines in Slovene and foreign languages, which are accessible through remote access to the library of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Ljubljana. The literature search took place from October 2019 to March 2020. Based on reading Abstracts and titles, we selected 16 foreign and 24 Slovenian articles, which we have detailed analyzed and included in the thesis. Results: They are at the forefront when treating a patient, nursing diagnoses in basic safety-related life activities and related to the basic life activities performed by the patient due to pain, restriction of movement or the effects of anesthesia and analgesics and general malaise are not able to perform on their own. Discussion and conclusion: Accurate assessment of the current situation and formulation of nursing diagnoses is very important in the postoperative period, as it makes it easier for nurses to expose, at which life activities the patient needs our help and we plan work more efficiently, which in turn helps to speed up recovery and prevent possible postoperative complications