Security dispatch using the Hopfield neural network

WOS: 000088478500010A restructuring of the improved Hopfield neural network (NN) approach, which has previously been proposed for solving economic dispatch, is proposed for solving real time economic dispatch problem with security constraints. A new mapping process is formulated and a computational method for obtaining the weights and biases is described using a slack variable technique for handling inequality constraints. Side constraints are handled by a modified activation function for which a symmetric ramp function is chosen for the input-output function and applied to each element of the variable set. The Hopfield NN approach is tested on the IEEE 30-bus system for different demands