National audienceThe mitigation hierarchy does not give enough importance to the impacts of development projects on habitat connectivity. However, environmental policies and the objective of no net loss of biodiversity underline the importance of preserving ecological networks to limit the habitat fragmentation. The failure to take full account of spatial dynamics and understanding of ecological functionalities cause these gaps at all stages of project design. We propose here a methodological framework encompassing all these steps: from the assessment of conservation issues, by quantifying the overall impact of a development project on the habitat connectivity, to the dimensioning of ecological measures, by defining their optimal location t...