Does it pay off? The effects of party leadership elections on parties’ trustworthiness and appeal to voters

In the last few decades, political parties in several Western countries have opened up the process of leadership selection to all party members. So far, research has mainly focused on thedriversof this development, taking into account both internal factors (reducing power of middle-level party elites) and external factors (increasing the party's attractiveness). Only few studies have tested theeffectsof these external arguments. In this study, we investigate whether parties that select their leader inclusively (1) exhibit higher levels of trustworthiness, and are more appealing to (2) voters and (3) potential members. Based on the procedural fairness argument, we expect a positive effect of inclusive procedures. We conduct a vignette experiment with fictional parties and find that inclusive selection procedures do not strengthen citizens' perceptions of trustworthiness. Moreover, citizens are not more willing to vote or join parties with inclusive selection procedures