Preliminary agreements

Magistrsko delo obravnava dogovore in avtonomne institute, ki se v poslovni praksi uporabljajo v postopku sklepanja pogodbe. Poslovna praksa je v zvezi s pogajanji in sklenitvijo pogodbe razvila mnoge institute, s katerimi lahko stranki opredelita, da se bosta pogajali, o čem se bosta pogajali, kakšno ravnanje pričakujeta druga od druge med pogajanji pred sklenitvijo pogodbe oziroma izrazita način usklajevanja o pogodbeni vsebini ali o posameznih pogodbenih sestavinah. Stranki lahko tudi opredelita, da sta morda že dosegli določeno stopnjo soglasja glede nekaterih okoliščin posla ali izrazita svojo pripravljenost na nadaljnja pogajanja. Pomembno vprašanje, ki se postavlja, je vprašanje njihove pravne narave in posledic. Čeprav imajo v tem magistrskem delu obravnavani instituti in dogovori v poslovni praksi načeloma uveljavljene tipične značilnosti, so pravna narava in posledice praviloma odvisne od presoje vsakega konkretnega primera posebej. Za presojo ravnanja strank se uporabljajo tudi pravna pravila, a so ta še posebej abstraktna. V poštev pridejo predvsem pravna pravila, ki urejajo fazo pogajanjza presojo, ali je doseženo soglasje o sklenitvi pogodbe, pa bodo pomembna tudi pravila o ponudbi in sprejemu. Avtonomni instituti olajšajo postopek sklepanja pogodbe, stranki pa lahko z njimi tudi konkretneje opredelita svoje potrebno ravnanje oziroma zavarujeta svoj položaj med pogajanji, tako da opredelita bodoči potek pogajanj ali ravnanje, ki se pričakuje od nasprotne stranke. Stranki pa lahko izrazita tudi svoje namere glede pogajanj in sklenitve pogodbe. Vsi obravnavani avtonomni instituti in dogovori strank služijo istemu cilju, to je uspešni sklenitvi pogodbe.The master\u27s thesis deals with agreements and autonomous institutes that are used in business practice in the process of concluding a contract. In relation to the negotiations and conclusion of a contract, business practice has developed many institutes with which the parties can either agree to negotiate, state what they will negotiate about, state what kind of conduct they expect from each other during pre-contractual negotiations or determine how they will negotiate the content of the contract or individual contractual components. The parties may also determine that they may have already reached a certain degree of agreement on certain circumstances of the transaction or express their willingness to negotiate further. Important question that arises is the question of legal nature and consequences of such agreements and autonomous institutes. Although the institutes and agreements discussed in this master\u27s thesis in business practice in principle all have their own typical characteristics, the legal nature and consequences usually depend on the assessment of each specific case separately. Legal rules are also used to assess the conduct of the parties, but they are particularly abstract in nature. In particular, the legal rules governing the negotiations phase come into playhowever, the rules on offer and acceptance will also be important in assessing whether a contract has been concluded. Autonomous institutes facilitate the process of concluding a contract, and the parties can also more concretely define their expected conduct or secure their position during negotiations by defining the future course of negotiations or the conduct expected of the counterparty. However, the parties may also express their intentions regarding the negotiations and the conclusion of the contract. All the autonomous institutes and agreements of the parties in question serve the same purpose, which is the successful conclusion of a contract