Global Ecological Orientations

Svijest o okolini jedan je od konstitutivnih elemenata u promišljanju čovjekovog odnosa prema õikosu, koja se, po konceptualnoj pretpostavci ovog rada javlja u vidu nekoliko fundamentalnih i globalnih prepoznatljivih ekoloških orijentacija. Ove orijentacije mogu se izvesti iz čovjekovog promišljanja problema i tema kao što su problem zagađenja, sirovinski i energetski resursi\u27, stanovništvo, namirnice, futurološke opcije i sl. Smatralo se da se ovako shvaćene orijentacije u mišljenjima i pogledima o navedenim problemima javljaju kao latentne i suvisle cjeline svijesti pojedinca, koje se u kontekstu klasičnih teorijskih promišljanja javljaju kao antopocentrizam, naturalizam i tehnicizam, ovisno o individualnom preferiranju jednog od subjekata u suodnošenju prirode, tehnike i čoijeka. Empirijska provjera izvršena je na slučajnom, stratificiranom reprezentativnom uzorku od 2714 ispitanika u Republici Hrvatskoj 1989. godine. Ispitanici su izražavali stupanj svoga slaganja s nizom od 104 tvrdnje na skali Likertovog tipa. Rezultati su podvrgnuti hijerarhijskoj faktorskoj analizi pod komponentnim modelom uz primjenu PB kriterija ekstrakcije faktora I. reda, odnosno GK kriterija pri ekstrakciji faktora višeg reda. Dobiveno je 19 faktora I. reda, 7 faktora II. reda, te 3 faktora III. reda koji su tumačili 64% varijance. Faktori III. reda u velikoj su mjeri kongruentni osnovnoj teorijskoj pretpostavci o postojanju tri tipa promišljanja odnosa čovjeka, prirode i tehnike. Dimenzije koje su dobivene nazvali smo: 1) Socijalno-ekološke alternative u kontekstu naturalizma; 2) Scijentističko- antropocentričko viđenje budućnosti: 3) Tehnicističko-konzumatorski optimizam. Ove tri dimenzije predstavljaju tri međusobno nekorelirana koncepta što znači da u promišljanju ekološke problematike postoje zagovornici triju bitno različitih opcija, za koje je osnovni subjekt eko-sistema samo jedan od tri navedena.Environmental awareness is one of the constitutive elements in deliberating man’s relationship with õikos. According to the conceptional hypothesis in this paper, in appears in the form of several fundamental and globally recognizable ecological orientations. These orientations can ensue from a person’s reflections regarding problems and topics such as pollution, exhaustable energy resources and raw materials, population, food, futurological options etc. It is believed that thus understood orientations of thoughts and views about the stated problems appear as latent and coherent entities of the individual’s awareness, which in the context of classical theoretical thought appear as anthropocentrism, naturalism and technocratism, depending on the individual preference of one of the mutually correlated subjects — nature, technology and man. Empirical testing was carried out on a random stratified representative sample of 2714 respondents in the Republic of Croatia in 1989. \u27The respondents expressed the degree of their agreement with a string of 104 statements presented on Likert-type scales. The results were subjected to a hierarchic factor analysis under the component model with the application of the PB criterion of extraction of the factors of the first order, or the GK criterion when extracting factors of a higher order. Obtained were 19 factors of the first order, 7 of the second order and 3 of the third order which interpreted 64% of the variance. The factors of the third order are mostly congruent with the main theoretical presuppositions about three types of thought pertaining to the relationship between man, nature and technology. The obtained dimensions were named: 1) the socio-ecological alternative in the context of naturalism; 2) the scientistic-anthropocentric view of the future; 3) the technocratic-consumerist optimism. These three dimensions represent 3 mutually uncorrelated concepts which means that in contemplating the ecological issue there are speakers in favour of 3 distinctly different options, for whom the principal subject of the eco-system is only one of the 3 mentioned