LANGUAE CALQUES: TYPOLOGY AND THERMINOLOGY

Kalk se promatra kao jedan od oblika jezičnoga posuđivanja. Iako se autori slažu u određivanju samoga pojma, nesuglasja se javljaju u definiranju tipova i podtipova i u svezi s time očituju se razilaženja u kalkološkoj nomenklaturi. U ovome se prilogu prezentira tipologija i terminologija kalkova kao odraz različitih pristupa toj problematici u razvoju lingvistike jezičnih dodira. Na kraju se predlaže moguća klasifikacija u šire kategorije prema jezičnim razinima na kojima se kalkira i njihova daljnja raščlamba na podtipove. Konačno se definira svaki podtip i ilustrira leksemima iz hrvatskoga jezika kalkiranim prema predlošcima različite provenijencije.Calque is a form of language borrowing. Although the autors generally agree on the definition of the term itself, there seems to be some disagreement as regards the definition of its types and subtypes, resulting in differences in its nomenclature. The paper presents a calque typology and terminology which reflects the verious approaches to the subject in the development of the linguistics of languages in contact. It also proposes a possible classification into broader categories according to the linguistic level on which calques are made, as well as their further division. Finally, each subtype is defined and illustrated by Croatian lexemes calqued according to the models of different origin