Traumas of permanent incisors in school children

Analiza zubnih trauma provedena je u 649 djece školskog uzrasta, s područja grada Zagreba, od kojih je bilo 393 dječaka i 256 djevojčica. Dob ispitanika se kretala od 6 do 15 godina. Ispitivana je distribucija trauma, po dobi i spolu, frekvencija trauma pojedinih zubi, broj traumatiziranih zubi u pojedinih ispitanika i zastupljenost pojedinih klasa zubnih trauma. Rezultati analize su pokazali da razdoblje visoke učestalosti zubnih trauma u djevojčica počinje nešto ranije nego u dječaka i traje od 7. do 11. godine. U dječaka to razdoblje traje od 8. do 12. godine. Nalaz se može dijelom objasniti ranijim prijelazom djevojčica iz razdoblja latencije u pubertet i promjenama psihofizičkih osobitosti karakterističnih za to razdoblje. Najviša je učestalost trauma u djevojčica u 8. godini, a u dječaka u 9. godini. Najčešće su bili zahvaćeni traumom gornji središnji incizivi. Od svih traumatiziranih zubi, na njih je otpadalo 84,1% u dječaka, a 85,6% u djevojčica. Zubne traume u dječaka su u 92,5% slučajeva bile zastupljene u maksili i 7,5% u mandibuli, dok je u djevojčica 95,5% traumatiziranih zubi bilo u maksili, a samo 4,6% u mandibuli. Od ukupno 1 040 traumatiziranih zubi u dječaka i djevojčica, čak 605 ili 58,2% odnosilo se na klasu II (fraktura dentina bez otvorene pulpe). Najveći je broj ispitanika imao traumu samo jednog zuba (više od 50%). Trauma dvaju zubi je bila nađena u oko 40% ispitanika, a oko 10% pacijenata je imalo po tri ili više traumatiziranih zubi.The analysis of dental traumas was carried out in 649 school children from the town of Zagreb, out of whom 393 were males and 256 females. Their age ranged from 6 to 15 years. The analysis comprised the trauma distribution by age and sex, the trauma frequency for individual teeth, number of traumatized teeth in individual subjects and particular classes of trauma. The results of the analysis show that the period of a high frequency of dental trauma begins earlier in girls and lasts from seven to eleven years. In boys this period lasts from eight to twelve years. This finding can be partly explained by the earlier transition of girls from the latency period into puberty and by psychophysical changes characteristic for this period. The highest trauma frequency is found for 8 year old girls and for 9 year old boys. The upper medial incisors were most frequently affected by trauma. Out of all traumatized teeth they represented 84.1 % in boys and 85.6% in girls. In boys 92.5% of dental traumas were found in the maxilla and 7.5% in the mandible, while tin girls 95.5% of traumatized teeth were found in the maxilla and only 4.6% in the mandible. Out of the total number of 1040 traumatized teeth in both boys and girls even 605, or 58.2% related to the class II (dentine fractures without pulp exposure). The greatest number of examined subjects had only one traumatized tooth (over 50%). Two teeth were traumatized tin about 40% of cases, while 10% of patients had three or more traumatized teeth