The pollutant analysis from Stainless steel cold rolling process

[[abstract]]不銹鋼在冷軋過程中，因軋輥與鋼捲表面直接接觸產生摩擦熱、軋延過程因鋼材塑性變形產生高溫，須使用大量冷軋油做為冷卻及潤滑，因此導致工作現場煙霧瀰漫，作業勞工可能因長時間暴露而發生不良健康效應。本研究之目的係探討不銹鋼冷軋製程逸散污染物特性。經初步採用微粒計數器進行粒狀污染物之量測後，特選定平均污染濃度最高的第一部冷軋機做為採樣標的。利用高量空氣採樣器（High volume air sampler）及高流量採樣幫浦連接XAD-2進行採樣。 環境採樣結果：冷軋工場懸浮微粒PM2 5介於90 30 ~ 217 57 μg/m3，PM10介於160 66 ~ 380 16 μg/m3。氣、固兩相多環芳香烴碳氫化合物(Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons PAHs)濃度介於283 4 ~ 845 3 ng/m3遠低於我國容許濃度標準(0 2 mg/m3)。平均致癌總風險介於2 28E-05 ~ 4 47E-04尚在可接受致癌風險1 00E-03以內。非致癌危害指數介於4 27E-04 ~ 1 37E-02，小於可接受基準值1，在職業暴露上應無顯著風險。綜觀上述採樣結果該作業場所應無顯著風險，但仍應留意懸浮微粒對人體可能造成危害。[[abstract]]The process of cold rolling of stainless steel will result in the formation of particulate matters (PM) and other pollutants due to the evaporation of the lubricant heated by the friction between the roll and the coil surface The purpose of this study is to evaluate the characteristics and health hazards of the pollutants emitted from stainless steel cold rolling process Sampling site in a stainless steel factory was determined by the aerosol number concentrations measured in the factory using P-trak aerosol counter High volume PM sampler and XAD-2 adsorbent were used for PM10/PM2 5 and gaseous PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) sampling respectively Metals in PM and PAHs were further analyzed for health risk evaluation The results showed that PM2 5 and PM10 ranged from 90 30-217 57 and 160 66-380 16 μg/m3 respectively The estimated cancer risks of inhalation exposure to metals and PAHs for the workers (2 28E-05 to 4 47E-04) were lower that the significant level (1E-03) and the non-cancer hazard index (4 27E-04 to 1 37E-02) were also below significance threshold of 1 0 Even though the health risk assessment showed no significant heath impacts for the workers some actions for controlling PM levels are still suggested for protecting workers' healt