The analysis of impact factors for Taiwan's foundry industry

[[abstract]]半導體產業發展時IDM形式是最早就開始存在的，從產品設計、生產製造、封裝、測試到行銷等都一手包辦，IDM公司同時也掌握相關製程技術。第一家晶圓代工製造公司台積電於1987年成立，開始專注於晶圓製造與技術發展，亦讓IC設計公司(Fabless)得以蓬勃發展，開創出全新的晶圓代工模式。隨著新世代製程技術而急速提高，這驅使IDM業者不得不轉型逐漸朝Fab-lite及Fabless轉型並持續增加委外代工，全球的晶圓代工領導廠商則亦開始投入下一世代高階半導體製程技術開發以保持競爭力。並從現今主流的12吋(300mm)邁向18吋（450mm）的半導體晶圓製造，18吋晶圓廠的世代交替將為晶圓代工產業帶來更大的結構性改變。近年來也由於各種智慧型行動裝置與平板電腦的蓬勃發展，強勁的需求帶動晶圓代工產業製程技術不斷快速躍進發展，而後續另一波的趨勢即是穿戴式裝置與物聯網的興起，被視為下階段驅動晶圓代工產業成長的重要動能。 本研究將以結合五力分析之概念分類出研究晶圓代工產業的五項構面，再輔以本研究收集整理歸納晶圓代工產業相關文獻與次級資料並進一步展開各構面之因素項目，以建構出本研究對於台灣晶圓代工產業之分析理論架構，結合AHP應用層級分析法設計出專家問卷，並透過專家之經驗，從各種不同面向構面探討影響台灣晶圓代工產業發展之因素分析，期能提供台灣晶圓代工業者於未來發展的方向參考與建議。 本研究結論分為以下三點：1、在 所有因素評估指標中，排名第一「本土設備商扶持培養」最為關鍵，其總體權重值為0 129，表現出台灣也應積極發展本土化設備來因應，並持續推動更完善的半導體設備供應鏈體系。2、排名第二位以「產品需求與應用功能多樣化」，其總體權重值為 0 114，表現出熱門終端電子產品如穿戴式裝置，4K顯示技術等需求下，將帶動晶圓代工產業爆炸性的發展。3、排名第三位「與半導體設備業者結盟」部分因應半導體設備對於高階先進製程的影響甚鉅，因此晶圓製造業者為了取得相關設備而選擇與半導體設備業者結盟。 本研究建議分為以下三點：1、創造利基市場：晶圓代工產業未來的發展將呈現大者恆大的局面，業者應以自身能力聚焦在利基型產品與製造服務。2、先進設備技術：藉由國內儀器科技研究中心協助台灣設備廠商自主化生產高難度、高精度之半導體設備光學元件，打破半導體設備過往只能倚賴進口之侷限。3、客戶夥伴關係：建議晶圓代工廠和IC設計公司從接力合作的模式，變成從設計到生產的全程合作，建立更深入的夥伴關係。[[abstract]]Integrated Device Manufacturers(IDM) had been the earliest formed when semiconductor industry was developed From design manufacturing packaging testing to marketing all of them were been single handled by IDM IDM company also acquire the relevant process technology The first foundry which named TSMC was founded in 1987 and began to focus on wafer fabrication and technology development Also let IC design companies (Fabless) flourish TSMC create a new foundry pattern With the new generation of process technology that drived IDM industry had to transit into the Fab-lite and Fabless also continue increase outsourcing contract to foundry The world's leading foundry manufacturers are also develope the next generation of high-end semiconductor process technology to remain competition From today's mainstream 12-inch (300mm) to 18 -inch (450mm) of semiconductor wafer fabrication 18-inch wafer fab will bring greater structural changes to foundry industry In recent years due to many kinds of smart mobile devices and tablet had developed strong demand led the foundry industry process technology continues to develop rapidly The subsequent another trend that is wearable device and the Internet of things(LoT) which to be viewed as driving the growth of the foundry industry important momentum on the next stage This study will be combine with the five forces analysis of concept and classification of the Five aspect of the foundry industry Then supplemented collected summarizing the foundry industry literature and secondary data and to further expand the factors of each element aspect To establish Taiwan’s foundry industry theoretical framework for analysis Combined with the apply analytic hierarchy process to design expert questionnaire Through experts’ experi- ence explore impact factors for Taiwan's foundry industry To provide direction and advice of Taiwan foundry industry in the future Conclusions of this study is divided into the following three points:1 All the factors in the evaluation index Number one is 「training to support local equipment manufacturers」most critical the overall weighted value of 0 129 To performed Taiwan should actively develop localization equipment and continue to promote more sophisticated semiconductor equipment supply chain system 2 Ranked second is 「Product demand and diversification of applications」 The overall weighted value of 0 114 Popular exhibits end electronic products such as a wearable device、 4K display technology have a lot of demande It will drive the explosive development foundry industry 3 Ranked third is 「alliance with semiconductor equipment industry」 In response to the semiconductor device manufacturing process for high-end art very huge impact Therefore in order to obtain semiconductor-related equipment foundry manufacturers choose to associate with semiconductor equipment industry In this study recommendations are divided into the following three points: 1 Create niche markets: The future development of the foundry industry will present the bigger situation The industry should be based on their ability to focus on niche products and manufacturing services 2 Advanced technology of equipment: With domestic Instrument Technology Research Center (ITRC)to help Taiwan Manufacturer independent production of tough&high-precision optical components of the semiconductor device 3 Customer Partnership: We recommend foundries and IC design companies from relay cooperative mode to design &production full cooperation That can build deeper partnershi