European Modular Programme for Intercultural Learning Training and Advanced Training Manual of Intercultural Competence for Primary School – Translation and Comment –

[[abstract]]德國在二戰過後為了經濟復甦而大量招募客籍勞工(Gastarbeiter)，此舉不僅成功推動經濟發展，也促使德國邁向多元文化族群社會，進而改變了德國的人口結構及社會結構，更使得多元文化成為德國現今社會面貌的一部分，然而，同時也為德國社會帶來巨大的衝擊，成為德國社會發展的一大挑戰，例如：外來移民子女德文能力不足，導致高輟學率、與高失業率，價值觀隔閡更造成文化適應上的問題，甚至衝突，進而連帶產生其他的社會問題。 為此，德國政府於2007年推行「全國外來移民融入計畫」， 更針對教育方面提出了一系列教師跨文化教學能力的訓練培養計畫，歐洲教師跨文化學習在職進修訓練模組計畫（Europaisches Modularprogramm fur Interkulturelles Lernen in der Lehreraus- und -fortbildung）。 反觀台灣，隨著外籍配偶（以下均稱為新移民）的持續增加，新移民子女人口數也年年攀升，也使台灣社會朝向多元族群文化發展，多元文化的現象、情境在中小學基礎教育中已日愈突顯，連帶也使得有關新移民子女在台灣的教育政策、社會融入政策日愈迫切，如何教育台灣人民自小接納不同文化背景人士，並與其和諧共處，進而促進公平發展的多元社會，是當前政府必須面對的問題，然而，在教育部所列舉55項當前教育重大政策，並未看到教育部對此一問題的重視。放眼歐洲，德國與歐盟委員會早已積極推動跨文化教育，歐盟各國共同合作，針對中小學教師的跨文化教學能力提出之模組計畫，頗值得台灣社會借鏡。因此筆者希望能夠藉由「歐洲教師跨文化學習在職進修訓練模組計畫 跨文化教學手冊---理論依據」之翻譯實作，提供台灣政府當局在日後推行相關的跨文化教育政策的參考。 本論文旨在將「歐洲教師跨文化學習在職進修訓練模組計畫 跨文化教學手冊---理論依據」譯為中文，並且依據萊斯的翻譯理論作為翻譯過程中遭遇之問題所採取對應策略之基礎，此外，筆者並依據萊斯的翻譯理論分析及評論翻譯策略的合適與否。本論文共分為五個章節，第一章為緒論，說明筆者的翻譯動機，以及選擇此一文本作為翻譯對象的原因及目的。第二章則介紹文本背景、文體風格、萊斯的翻譯理論以及教學手冊文本的翻譯評析標準。第三章為翻譯實例評析，依據萊斯的翻譯評估標準，進行「語言內」及「語言外」的翻譯策略探討。第四章則是總結該文本的翻譯困難，對應之處理技巧，以及相關的翻譯建議。[[abstract]]After World War II German government began to recruiting guest workers (“Gastarbeiter”) from its neighboring country to speed up its post-war economy recovery This policy not only drove the economy growth in Germany at that time but also helped Germany to become a multicultural and multi-ethnic society The large influx of immigrants changed the structure of German population and society and made cultural diversity a part of Germany’s society today However the immigrants also brought significant impact to Germany’s society and became one major challenge for its development For example with no sufficient German language ability children of the immigrants often had higher dropout rate and unemployment rate; differences in culture values further caused other problems such as mal-adaptation conflicts and even social issues Therefore German government implemented the“The National Integration Plan” (Der nationale Integrationsplan der Bundesregierung) in 2007 “European Modular program for intercultural learning in teacher education and training” (European Modular Programme for Intercultural Learning Training and Advanced Training) is the specific programs to train teachers’ intercultural teaching capacity Similarly with the number of foreign spouses (hereafter “New Immigrants) and New Immigrants’ children raising steadily Taiwan is gradually becoming a multi cultural and multi-ethnic society The phenomenon of cultural diversity become more evident in elementary education urging for education policies for New Immigrants’ children and social integration plan in Taiwan To build a diverse society with fairness in development Taiwanese government needs to educate it young citizens to accept people from different cultural backgrounds and to live with them harmoniously However from the current 55 major education policies established by the Ministry of Education none of them addresses this critical issue In contrast Germany and EU Commission has been actively promoting intercultural education and cooperating with each other to form the modular program for the intercultural teaching capacity of teachers in elementary school The Taiwanese society may learn the lessons from the cooperation of countries in EU By translating “European Modular Program for Intercultural Learning in Teacher Education and Training - Guideline for Intercultural teaching—Theory Basis” into Chinese this study aimed to introduce German policy to Taiwanese government and the public for future reference to developing intercultural education -related policies This paper aims to translate “European Modular Programme for Intercultural Learning Training and Advanced Training Manual of Intercultural Competence for Primary School- Translation and Comment -” into Chinese and uses Katharina Reis’s translation theory as the strategy to deal with the problems encountered during the translation process Furthermore the study also analyzes and gives comments on the appropriateness of the translation strategy according to Reis’s translation theory The study is divided into five chapters: the first chapter states the background motivation and purposes of selecting the teaching guideline as the subject matter; the second chapter introduces the background and contents of the original work stylistic features of government documents as well as translation criticism criteria for teaching guideline The third chapter discusses the translation strategy by using Reis’s intra-linguistic and extra-linguistic translation criteria The fourth chapter summarizes the difficulties and translation skills in translating political documents and provides suitable translation suggestions Key words: intercultural teaching government documents Katharina Reis translation criticis