「正しく食べる」ことを学ぶ : デリダの正義論に着目して

P(論文)This paper investigates how eating is related to an ethical dimension and how it can help to form one's character by focusing on the behavior of eating. The first chapter clarifies that eating "well" is not only eating "comfortably" and "flavourful food" but also eating "ethically", based on Derrida's arguement. Singer suggests that some kinds of animals which can feel suffering should be regarded as being equal to human beings and we should not eat them. But Derrida thinks that it is not necessary to be a vegetarian to eat "well". What we should think seriously about is not what we should eat but how we should eat. In the second chapter we confirm Derrida's concept of justice, compared with that of right, and examine whether it is possible to pursue justice at the same time when we eat. His interpretation of justice helps us to analyze such an educational practice as that put on record by Toshiko Toriyama when she killed chickens and ate them with her students in her class. The justice on eating is not to observe various rules at meals only formally but to take into consideration the border between human beings as the subject of eating and animals as the object of what is eaten. As a result, when we attempt to eat "well", it is not enough to only use good manners and food that tastes good. We should experience the instant of aporia when we cannot decide whether we eat or not. We should recognize that we cannot live a life without attacking other creatures and sometimes eat "uncomfortably"