Multi-objective Process Optimization of Internal Helical Grooving Technology for Steel Tube

[[abstract]]模頭擠壓法具有生產效率高、工具成本低、人員適用性高，整備速度快等特性，本文是在探討鋼管內螺旋槽多目標最佳化製程技術，所探討的為內螺旋槽成型後之表面粗糙度、陰膛徑及陽膛徑之三項品質特性。 以模頭擠壓法方式擠製AISI 4140鉻鉬鋼、SUS 416不銹鋼及21鉻鉬釩鋼等三種空心圓棒材料為實驗方法。實驗採用田口法之 直交表進行實驗參數設計，採用之八個控制因子分別為: (A)材料硬度、(B)材質、(C)內孔孔徑、(D)模頭成型角度、(E)模頭外徑尺寸、(F)模頭鍍層、(G)進給速率、(H)油壓壓力，除了因子A設定兩個探討水準外，其餘因子皆設定有三個水準。實驗量測值經田口法分析為S/N比後加以正規化，再透過 SPSS 軟體進行主成份分析，藉由主成份總得點數之因子分析，並結合模糊分析法，開發出具有多重品質特性最佳製程之參數組合。 由主成份總點MPCI及多重品質性能指標MPCIs變異數分析結果得知，影響內螺旋槽擠製製程中最重要的控制因子依序為：A材料硬度、C工件內孔孔徑，故於製程中必需變動參數時須優先考慮此二個因子的效應。實驗結果顯示，最佳參數組合為: 材料硬度：32 2 (HRC)、材質：21鉻鉬釩鋼、內孔孔徑：ψ11 25 (mm)、模頭成型角度：3°；模頭外徑尺寸：ψ11 56(mm)、模頭鍍層：鋁鉻鈦、進給速率：3(m/min)及油壓壓力：60(kg/cm2)。 最後進行確認實驗，實驗結果証實利用田口搭配主成份分析法，再結合模糊分析法，所找出的一組最佳化鋼管內螺旋槽擠製參數組合，確實能有效改善鋼管內螺旋槽之多重品質特性。[[abstract]]Button rifling process which has high production efficiency preparing speed personnel suitability and lower tooling costs In this study we explore the multi-objective process optimization of inner helical grooving technology for steel tube and focus on three characteristics including surface roughness bore diameter and groove diameter after internal groove is made The experimental method uses Button rifling to extrude hollow log material including AISI 4140 Chroium Molybdenum Steel SUS 416 Stainless Steel and 21 Chroium Molybdenum Vanadium Steel Experiments adopted the Taquchi method orthogonal array of Eight factors were as follows: (A) hardness of material (B) material (C) internal diameter (D) forming angle of Button (E) external diameter of Button (F) electroplate of Button (G) Feeding rate (H) oil pressure Factor A has two levels of parameter design; the other factors have three levels After the S/N Normalized Principal Component Analysis through SPSS software and combined with fuzzy analysis method the experimental measurement value develops the best process parameters for multi-quality characteristics Experimental results show that the optimal combination of parameters are hardness of material of 32 2HRC material of 21 Chroium Molybdenum Vanadium Steel internal diameter of 11 25mm forming angle of Button of 30 external diameter of Button of ψ11 56mm electroplate of Button of Aluminum Chroium titanium feeding rate of 3m/min and oil pressure of 60kg/cm2 By the MPCI and the multiple principal component of total points quality performance pointers MPCIs variance analysis was informed that the most significant factors controlling the internal helical groove process of extrusion are hardness of material and internal diameter of log The effect of these two factors shall be concerned once the parameters are changed during process Finally confirmation experiments confirmed that Taguchi collocation using principal component analysis method combined with fuzzy analysis method can effectively enhance thorough Multiple quality characteristics of internal helical groove on steel tub