The Study in the Safety Design Process of Ultrasonic Cleaner

[[abstract]]對各產業而言，「機械設備」是最重要的生財工具，然而造成大部分工安危害事故的主因，卻是因為機械設備未進行「安全設計」，以至於無法達到「源頭管制」的目標。「職業安全衛生法」已於立法院三讀通過，針對機械安全之「源頭管制」相關法條也即將開始推行，這樣的變革除了對設備製造業者造成不小的影響外，機械「安全設計」也變得勢在必行。本研究以改善未經安全設計之「超音波清洗機」過程，進而得知製造者若無進行機械之「安全設計」，則使用者將付出更多成本，才能獲得做好源頭管制即可取得之安全。 「源頭管制」即是對製造商所製造的設備機台進行安全管制，但可能實際狀況為有許多的機械製造者仍屬於中小企業，且可能為營運已久的老工廠，在過去勞安法未對全部機械有進行規範管制下，此類的機械設備製造業者則較無「安全設計」的概念，所以未來對應職安法將實行的「源頭管制」勢必有一定的困難度，因此，本研究目的為以超音波清機為例，說明「限制設定」的重要性，以不同的「限制設定」各研擬出一套超音波清洗機之安全設計流程，並詳細的展開須執行的每一步驟，清楚的讓製造者了解「安全設計」該如何執行，提供業者作為未來進行安全設計之參考。[[abstract]]“Machinery facilities” are the most important productive tools across all industries However most public safety hazards are caused by absence of “safety designs” in machinery facilities which is a problem of “source control” In Taiwan Occupational Safety and Health Act has been enacted Hence regulations governing “source control” of safety in machinery facilities will take effect These regulations are expected to cause a considerable effect on manufacturers of machinery facilities In order to comply with the regulations they have to incorporate safety designs into their products Through an investigation into ultrasonic cleaners without safety designs this study found that users of ultrasonic cleaners bear much additional costs for safety which could have been assured if Safety Design Process had been implemented “Safety Design Process” is to control the safety of machinery facilities in the design stage However many manufacturers in Taiwan are small or medium-sized or have been operating for a long time In the past Labor Safety Act did not prescribe safety requirements for all kinds of machinery facilities As a result most manufacturers in this category do not have the concept of “safety designs” It is expectable that implementation of “Safety Design Process” according to Occupational Safety and Health Act will not be easy Therefore this study used ultrasonic cleaners as an example to explain the importance of “constraint settings” Various sets of constraint settings were first developed For each set of constraint setting a safety design procedure for ultrasonic cleaners was created with detailed explanation for each step Results of this study could be a reference for manufacturers in development of safety design