A Study of Recognition and Mechanism Establishment of Long-term Care Insurance under Taiwan’s Aging Society

[[abstract]]人口老化現象日趨嚴重，因應人口逐年高齡化的重要立法與公共政策是我國政府近年來主要課題。其中，又以長期照護制度的建立為首要目標。我國在長期照護制度的規劃上將比照德、荷、日、韓等國以社會保險的方式來因應民眾長期照護的需求，並減輕民眾負擔。過去政府及學術相關研究中，探討民眾對老年長期照護認知及未來長期照護保險期望之影響寥若晨星，或僅以論述性討論為主。因此，本研究希冀透過問卷調查的方式進行實證以補足論述性討論之不足，讓民眾更瞭解長期照護保險的重要性。本研究共發出約3000份，回收2115份，回收率70.5%，總計有效問卷2001份，有效問卷率94.6%。 本研究首先運用多變量分析探討民眾人口統計變項對長期照護認知、社會長期照護保險期望與商業長期照護保險認知產生之差異。結果顯示中年的民眾大多幫長輩申請過長期照護相關服務，對長期照護的認知與期望較強，已婚及小孩較多的這兩類民眾亦然，其家庭觀念較強，不希望造成下一代過多的負擔，而高齡化較嚴重的南部地區與家中六十歲以上長輩較多者，對長期照護的認知與期望較他人更加深刻。然而，每月支出較低者，維持生活上之必需已相當辛苦，對長期照護的認知與期望固然較低。 再者，本研究採用結構方程模式，經由測?模式與結構模式建?之??模式配適度具有足夠水準。結果指出民眾期望政府將長期照護服務體系建構更加完整，並規畫長期照護保險上路。另外，民眾認為給付水準與機制調整的政策律定將是政府推行長照保險的首要任務。而商業長期照護保險的認知將有助於民眾更瞭解其對長期照護保險的需求。[[abstract]]The problem of population aging is getting worse gradually. Therefore, a main assignment of our government is to promote significant legislation and public policy relevant to ongoing population aging. Most of all the enactment which is the goal of priority is the long-term care system. Planning of the long term care system is going to be established that is according to Germany, Netherland, Japan and Korea. In order to satisfy the demand of citizens, the government considers the long-term care as a kind of social insurance, which is not only to reach what they need but ease their burden. Due to the researches about the effects of long-term care cognition and long-term care insurance expectation by people is rare in the past. Thus, the main idea of this article is hoping that using the surveys from the public to point out how important the long-term care system is to the society. And a total of 3000 questionnaires were distributed and 2115 (70.5%) returned. Of which, 2001 (94.6%) were effective.?This research first uses multivariate analysis to distinguish whether the different population characteristics influences the long-term care cognition, long-term care insurance of public expectation and long-term care insurance of commercial cognition. The results show that most of the middle age people have ever help elders to file for long-term care services, resulting in a strong cognition and expectation of long-term care. There are no differences between both groups of married and with more children, the family values of above groups are stronger and they don’t want to leave excessive burden to next generation. Besides, the people who live in the southern region with more serious aging or have more elders over the age of 60 at home, are keenly aware of cognition and expectation about long-term care than others. However, people with lower monthly expenditure and hard to maintain the necessary in life have lower cognitions and expectations for long-term care. Furthermore, the theoretical model of this research is built by the structure equation modeling and its goodness of fit. The empirical results indicate that the public expect that the government should establish more perfect long-term care service system and plan implementation of long-term care insurance. Moreover, the major task of the government about long-term care insurance is to legislate for the policy of payment level and mechanism adjustment. Finally, the cognition of commercial long-term care insurance will help people to know more about the demand of it