In Situ Screening Detection Method Applicability Study for the Oil-Contaminated Site

[[abstract]]本研究針對15處土壤受油品污染場址，應用直接貫入式DP (Direct Push)採集之土壤樣品，藉由比較現場篩測與實驗室檢測結果之差異，探討相關污染土壤樣品現場篩測方法的適用性。相關樣品分別利用現場火焰離子偵測器(FID)、光離子偵測器(PID)、以及濁度計等現場受污染土壤樣品篩測方法，以及將相關樣品於實驗室中以氣相層析儀/火焰離子偵測法(GC/FID)，進行土樣TPH檢測分析。 研究結果顯示：PID及FID儀器對低碳數之碳氫化合物訊號靈敏度較佳，相關儀器較適合於高揮發性油品污染物的篩測。測試結果顯示在校正濃度範圍內，PID及FID儀器對於TPHg (C6~C9)測值之線性關係相關性較佳(R2值分別為0 7917及0 8585)；其次，針對土壤質地條件對於現場篩測結果之影響，於黏質土壤質地現場PID與FID測值之相關性，較砂質土壤佳，可能係因為黏質土壤質地，其土壤顆粒和孔隙率較小，使油品吸附也較多有關，但對於揮發性較低之柴油油品污染物，PID及FID的篩測值有偏低現象，篩測效果較差；此外，經比對濁度計法(TPH Test Kits)與實驗室GC/FID之分析結果，兩者線性關係很好( R2為0 7163)，惟在總石油碳氫化合物(TPH)濃度低於1 000 mg/kg以下時，TPH Test Kits之測值有低估現象，而在TPH濃度大於1 000 mg/kg以上時，則Test Kits測值有高估現象。 台灣地區目前之土壤TPH管制標準濃度為1 000 mg/kg，以濁度計法或PID及FID進行現場檢測，其對低揮發蒸氣之油品污染物不易篩測出其油品濃度的情形。建議對已知油品污染物及土壤質地，選用適合的篩測方法即可。但對未知的油品污染物及土壤質地，則建議選用PID、FID及濁度計法篩測，輔助評估場址污染程度，可減少分析時間及檢測費用成本。[[abstract]]This study aims to investigate the relationships of monitored results from both in-situ fast testing methods and laboratory standard testing methods The feasibility of in-situ fast testing methods is evaluated in the research There were three in-situ fast testing methods including flame ionization detector (FID) photoionization detector (PID) and turbidimetric test kits methods examine The total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in the collected samples measured by gas chromatography/flame ionization detector (GC/FID) standard method was measured in the laboratory There were more than 15 oil-contaminated sites and totally 110 soil samples were investigated in this study Some important experimental results were achieved from this study as below Both in-situ PID and FID were suitable for TPHg measurement They were suited for the sites contaminated highly volatile pollutants The results also show good linear relationship by the PID and FID for TPHg (C6 ~ C9) in the calibrated concentration range Their correlation coefficients (R2) for both PID and FID were 0 7917 and 0 8585 respectively Both PID and FID testing methods also have higher correlation for sand soil than clay soil sites On the other hand the screening detection of the PID and FID were not so sensitive to the soil samples contaminated with less volatile pollutants (e g diesel) The experimental results also demonstrated that both turbidimetric method (TPH Test Kits) and laboratory GC/FID analysis has well linear relationships (R2= 0 7163) But the test values by TPH Test Kits are slightly overestimated as TPH concentration above 1 000 mg/kg In Taiwan since the TPH concentration in soil is regulkated by a concentration of 1 000 mg/kg the turbidimeter or PID and FID for field testing of low volatile vapors of oil-contaminated is not easy to screening detection Recommendations of the known oil-contaminated and the soil base the choice of suitable screening detection but the unknown oil-contaminated and soil base it is recommended that the selection of the PID FID and turbidimeter method to assist the screening test and then reduce the analysis time and cos