A New Method to Fabricate Porous Nanocrystalline Tio2 Photoelectrode at Low Temperature and Study of Its Long-Term Stability Coupled with Solid State Hole Conductor

[[abstract]]使用奈米結構二氧化鈦（Nanocrystalline TiO2）電極的染敏太陽能電池（Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell，DSSC）因可低價生產與具有不錯的轉換效率而被積極研究。為了進一步降低生產成本，並使製作輕薄染敏太陽能電池更容易，搭配生長奈米結構二氧化鈦薄膜的可塑性高基板材質之研究也引人注目。傳統上利用導電玻璃基材製作染敏太陽能電池有一些缺點，特別是從低價大量工業生產的角度上去看更是如此，所以可塑性高基板材質重要性顯然可見。但是可塑性高基板材質，不管是塑膠或是多分子聚合體（Polymer）類，都無法承受轉統技術所採用高達400 - 500°C 的高溫燒結（Sintering）技術，所以如何在低溫下製作高轉換效率的多孔（Porous）奈米結構二氧化鈦電極層是一關鍵的問題。在本計畫中，我門試圖找出適合的可塑性高基材並提出一新的低溫製程可加強染敏太陽能電池特性，特別是考量奈米結構二氧化鈦分子彼此之間的連結性與其和基板之間的黏合性為指標。以此方法製作而得的奈米結構二氧化鈦電極將利用掃瞄式電子顯微鏡技術 (SEM) 檢視其表面結構與厚度，利用超音波中斷法 (Ultrasound disruption) 來測試二氧化鈦電極與基板間的黏合性，和利用衰減式全反射傅氏轉換紅外線光譜儀技術 (Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy，ATR-FITR)來分析二氧化鈦電極層的成分。再以固態或近似固態電洞傳導材質來搭配二氧化鈦電極層製作染敏太陽能電池，並與電解液染敏太陽能電池作特性比較。最後的染敏太陽能電池成品，將使用標準太陽光模擬器並利用精密電表量測電流- 電壓特性曲線與入射光子- 電流轉換效率(Incident Photon-to-current Conversion Efficiency，IPCE)，進而得知染敏太陽能電池特性。[[abstract]]Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) using nano-structured TiO2 photoelectrodes are intensively researched because of their low cost and possible engaging efficiency. In order to further lower production cost and facilitate fabrication of light-weight and thin DSSC, flexible substrate material on which nanocrystalline TiO2 layer could be deposited draw a lot of attention. Conventional technology using conducting glass substrates has some drawbacks, especially from the view of large-scale and cost-effective industrial manufacturing of the cells. Considering some flexible material substrate, plastic and polymer-based, low-temperature preparation of efficient porous nanoparticulate thick semiconductor film photoelectrode is an essential issue and conventional annealing step which utilized high temperature as high as 400 - 500°C in fabricating DSSC needs to be avoided. In this project, we intend to find appropriate flexible substrate and come up with new low-temperature methods with respect to the interparticulate connectivity and the adherence of the film to the conducting substrate, so as to improve the performance of the cells. The photoelectrodes obtained by this method will be characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SES) for surface characteristics, by using ultrasound disruption method for testing the adhesion of TiO2 films to the substrate, and by utilizing attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FITR) for analyzing the composition of TiO2 films. Plus, we will use solid or quasi-solid state hold conductor coupled with TiO2 films to fabricate DSSC, which will be compared with standard DSSC using electrolyte material characteristically. Finally, we will measure I-V characteristics and incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) with standard solar simulator to gain efficiency and photocurrent.[[note]]NSC96-2623-7327-001-E