Using System Dynamics to Explore Reverse Logistics of Green Supply Chain Management

[[abstract]]由於全球大環境的變遷，產業活動為了提升競爭力，開始著重於供應鏈之系統思考及整合。以往供應鏈強調從供應商、製造商、批發商到顧客之間的活動關係，也就是正向物流(logistics)的發展，但隨著產品生命週期縮短、環保意識、法令及企業之社會責任等因素，逆向物流(reverse logistics)也逐漸受到重視。因此，如何在競爭環境下發展逆向物流即為產業所面臨的議題。 由於逆向物流運作特性會因為發生時間、地點、數量以及損壞狀況等因素造成比正向物流來得複雜且難以預測，而系統動力學(system dynamics)之特性是用來解決非線性、多重回饋複雜時變系統的問題。因此，本研究藉以系統動力學來建構逆向物流之架構，再以模擬軟體進行模擬測試，並且透過軟體參數的調整來探討並分析逆向物流所帶來之效益。 本研究藉由Vensim模擬軟體來模擬逆向物流的運作，經模型驗證後，針對需求、政策以及技術三方面進行模擬分析，並以物流發展趨勢之四項指標提出結論。整體而言，本研究所發展之模型具備決策之參考依據。[[abstract]]As a result of global environment trend industries start to emphasize supply chain system concept and integration to promote competition In the past supply chain is forward logistic which highlight process relationship among supplier manufacture wholesaler and end customer However reverse logistics is getting more and more attention because of product life cycle curtailment environmental consciousness legislation and Corporate Social Responsibility Therefore industries have to concern how to expand reverse logistics in competitive conditions those that Reverse logistics is more complexity and inscrutable compared to forward logistic because its motion timing place quantity and destruction state Thus the point of system dynamics is to settle system problem of non-linear and multiple complex feedbacks Consequently the research paper structure the frame of reverse logistic due to system dynamics and proceed simulated experiment via simulated software meanwhile it analyze benefit of reverse logistic by modulating software parameters The paper simulate reverse logistics process via Vensim simulation software by way of test and verify we bring up some points focus on demand policy and technique And bring up four conclusions in accordance with logistical developed trend On balance the research model can use as determination basi