The Effects of Fit between Supply Chain Governance Structure and Supply Chain Integration on Performance

[[abstract]]研究者近年來逐漸重視，供應鏈本身與廠商所處環境，或其統治型式之間關係，以了解其對廠商績效的影響程度。之前研究聚焦在供應鏈整合對績效的影響，而且顯示不同的供應鏈整合對績效會產生不同程度的影響。但很少研究探討廠商選擇不同型態供應整合的適用時機，而且很少研究同時考量統治型式、供應鏈不確定性及供應鏈整合三者間之配適關係。 由於廠商所面臨的機會與威脅各自不同，故不同廠商所重視的供應鏈整合型態也有所不同。因此，本研究探討廠商如何透過策略統治思維，了解那種供應鏈整合型態適用在何種供應鏈不確定性下，可提升廠商的供應鏈績效。而本文之研究目的，首先是想了解台灣製造業的供應鏈整合現況，其次是想分析統治型式、供應鏈不確定性及供應鏈整合三者間之配適關係，最後則是想進一步了解，本文運用策略配適觀點於供應鏈管理中，其產生之供應鏈整合策略對供應鏈績效產生何種重要影響。 本研究採用多種配適方法：整體配適及兩兩變數配適觀點，利用問卷調查法蒐集181份台灣製造業有效樣本，研究顯示，從整體配適觀點而言，統治型式、供應鏈不確定性及供應鏈整合之策略配適，會對供應鏈績效產生顯著性地影響。且從兩兩變數配適觀點而言，發現「對等夥伴網路」(Equal-partner network)或「階層型態」(Hierarchy) 此類型廠商，當面臨需求或製造此兩種環境不確性時，同時採用顧客整合、供應商整合及內部整合，可提升其供應鏈作業績效；而「網路霸主」(Dominated network)此類型廠商，當面臨供給不確定性時，同時採用供應商整合及內部整合，可提升其供應鏈作業績效。且由研究結果顯示，內部整合是廠商進行顧客整合與供應商整合間的重要連結。整體而言，本研究針對實證蒐集之資料予以探討，並提出有意義的看法，另針對未來研究方向提出可行的建議。[[abstract]]Researchers recently have paid attention to the “fit” of the supply chain with the firm’s environment or governance in evaluating performance Most of prior research centered an effect of the supply chain integration (SCI) on performance and revealed different types of SCI had distinct degrees of effects on performance However there has been relatively little research conducts on why different companies need different types of SCI and little empirical research employs the fit to focus on the relationship among the governance forms the supply chain uncertainty and SCI Because the threat and the opportunity each firm faces may differ even if the firms are in a same task environment different firms may place differing degrees of emphasis on the individual dimensions of SCI For this reason we explore which kind of SCI could be suitably employed in the different kind of supply chain uncertainty through strategic governance to improve supply chain performance Some purposes of this study are as follows First we want to gain some insight into the extent of the supply chain integration of the manufacturing industry in Taiwan Second we want to understand the relationship among the governance forms the supply chain uncertainty and SCI Finally we inject the strategic alignment approach into the issues of the supply chain management to see what important influence SCI have on the supply chain performance This study employed the fit approach in examining the implications between SCI and SCP from two perspectives: a holistic and a matching ones A total of 181 valid questionnaires were collected from Taiwan’s top-ranked manufacturing companies and international companies The results showed that from the holistic perspective the fit among governance forms supply chain uncertainty and supply chain integration has a significant positive effect on supply chain performance Moreover from the matching perspective we found either the Equal-partner network or the Hierarchy could concurrently pursue the customer integration the supplier integration and the internal integration to enhance their operational performance when they suffered from the demand or the manufacturing uncertainties As for the Dominated network it could simultaneously undertake the supplier integration and the internal integration to enhance their operational performance when they suffered from the supply uncertainty Additionally we found the internal integration is a fundamental link between the customer and the supplier integration in SCI From the empirical data meaningful findings and conclusions were derived and suggestions for future research were proposed and discusse