The Card Debt Problem and an Empirical Study on the Operating Efficiency of Bank

[[abstract]]本研究旨在探究於2005年下半年發生雙卡債（係指信用卡及現金卡）效應後，本國發卡銀行於卡債發生前後經營效率的變動情形。採用中介法之觀念，選取存款、資本（含固定資產）、用人費用及備抵呆帳為投入變數，以放款貼現、投資、稅前損益為產出變數。利用資料包絡分析法，針對2004年6月至2006年6月，以半年為一期，共五期，29家本國銀行，進行相對經營效率實証分析，並藉由差額變數分析、敏感度分析，提出改善銀行經營效率之建議，另於第二階段以Tobit迴歸分析，檢視信用卡及現金卡業務與銀行經營效率值之相關性。 實證結果發現，本國銀行中老行庫相對無效率之主因多源自於規模不效率，規模報酬型態則多屬規模報酬遞減，應減少其營運規模。新銀行相對無效率之主因多源自於純技術不效率，規模報酬型態則多屬規模報酬遞增，應適度評估投入資源的成本，擴大有利基之業務來源。而樣本銀行中台新銀及中信銀相對無效率之主因源自於規模不效率，規模報酬型態為規模報酬遞減，顯見其在不斷改良與推出各種金融商品強化競爭力及收入之餘，應在管理營運上力求精簡以降低成本。 其次，在以Tobit 實証迴歸分析外生變數對經營效率影響研究上，結果顯示，「是否有參加債務協商機制」於總技術效率、純粹技術效及規模效率為顯著相關，「信用卡流通卡數」於規模效率呈現顯著相關，其餘變數「信用卡簽帳金額」、「現金卡流通卡數」、「現金卡放款可動用額度總和」則為顯著不相關，顯見卡債風波對於銀行營運之影響應屬短期效應，長期而言，於風波後銀行管理階層對經營方向將有所調整，卡債效應之衝擊應可控制。[[abstract]]The purpose of this study is to explore after occurred card debt issue (including credit card and cash card) will influence the performances of the bank during mid- 2005,around the time of card debt that the changes of operating efficiency of bank. We adopt the viewpoint of Intermediation Approach, select deposit, assets (including fix assets) , salary expense, and bad debt reserve as input variables. Loans, the amount of invest, and net income before income tax as output variables. This study aims to, based on DEA approach, evaluate 29 domestic banks during the period from 2004,June to 2006,June,selected semiannual in one year, total five terms. Furthermore , we use slacks variable analysis and sensitivity analysis to provide the improving way for the inefficient banks to improve their operation efficiency. In the second phase, we used Tobit model to test the relationship between the efficiency credit card and cash card and the operating efficiency. As empirical result show that the older banks of domestic banks belongs to inefficiency, overall inefficiency is mostly due to the scale inefficiency, and the reason is that most banks are under the situation of decreasing returns to scale, mute to be decrease their operating scale. Newly banks is mostly due to the technical inefficiency which is mostly due to the scale inefficiency, and it is due to most banks under the situation of increasing returns to scale. They must reappraise their costs abstemiously. In addition to amplify their business with benefit. The sample banks of Taishin International Bank and Chinatrust Commercial Bank appeared inefficiency is result from the scale inefficiency. Secondly,used Tobit model to analysis others variables of credit card and cash card. As empirical result show, it is revealed that card debit impact shortly in the banking business operations. In the long terms, the cardholders and banks all learned valuable experiences from the card issue through better credit management policies