A Study on Social Relationships and Transaction Costs Affecting the Flexibility of Strategic Alliance in Supply Chain Management System

[[abstract]]過去有關供應鏈策略聯盟關係的研究，大多在於探討影響策略聯盟關係的因素，而本研究旨在結合社會關係觀點與交易成本觀點，來探討供應鏈系統策略聯盟彈性的決定因素。Young-Ybarra and Wiersema（1999）認為當聯盟的表現不佳時，供應鏈策略聯盟中應採取的兩個策略聯盟彈性為「修改聯盟關係」和「終止聯盟關係」。本研究在社會關係觀點方面，使用社會交換理論及社會資本理論；在交易成本觀點方面，則使用交易成本理論來檢視供應鏈策略聯盟中策略彈性的決定因素。 本研究模式共推導出12個假說，研究模式之構念包含：交易成本理論的資產專屬性及抵押物等；社會交換理論的相對於比較水準的實際結果（吸引）、依賴、溝通、共同價值觀及信任等，而在社會資本理論則包括網路連結度及網路的組合型態等二個構念。本研究採用之研究方法為整合個案深度訪談及問卷調查法，或稱之為三角驗證法（triangulation）（Webb et al., 1966），針對本研究依據理論所發展之概念性模式及研究假說進行驗證，首先利用個案深度訪談結果修改概念性模式及研究假說，再利用調查研究法以結構模式分析法之EQS 軟體對回收之問卷，進行資料分析與模型驗證。本研究之樣本框架為國內機械工作母機產業中衛體系，有進行供應鏈系統策略聯盟關係的廠商，透過金屬工業研究發展中心的協助順利取得合適的樣本，以俾進行個案深度訪談及問卷調查。 本研究結果顯示，在經濟上的制衡及信任聯盟夥伴對「修改關係」的彈性有正向的影響，而對「停止關係」的彈性有負向的影響。經濟上的制衡、對公司的吸引及企業間的互動對信任有正向的影響，而依賴則對信任有負向的影響。[[abstract]]Most of previous researches about the strategic alliance of supply chain investigated the factors affecting the relationships of a strategic alliance. This research, however, investigated the factors affecting the flexibility of strategic alliance in supply chain management system by combining the viewpoints of social relationships and transaction costs. Young-Ybarra and Wiersema considered that the strategic alliance should be modified or terminated when it performed poorly. This research employs social exchange theory, social capital theory and transaction cost theory to investigate the factors affecting the flexibility of strategic alliance in supply chain management system. This research proposed 12 hypotheses and the triangulation research method is adopted to verify the research model. First of all, the research model derived from 3 theories has been revised according to the result of case study by deep interview. Then, the survey research is included to verify the revised research model and test the 12 hypotheses. Our findings concluded that, economic constraints on the company and trust in partner company affect the flexibility of modifying relationship positively and the flexibility of stopping relationship negatively. The economic constraints, attraction and interaction between companies affect trust positively. Dependence was found to be negatively related to trust