A Feasibility Study of Organic Solvent Comtaminated Soil Treated by Incineration and Bio-Composting

[[abstract]]本研究係針對雲林縣二崙鄉遭受有機溶劑污染之土壤，利用焚化與生物法進行處理，並比較其法令適用性、清理機構選擇、二次污染控制、處理後殘留濃度、處理後體積、處理效率、時間、費用及技術可行性，以作為爾後類似土壤污染行為處理方式選擇之參考。在焚化處理方面，係使用流體化床式焚化爐，將受污染土壤與一般事業廢棄物混燒，並以氣相層析質譜儀(GC-MS)偵測法分析處理前後土壤中有機物之濃度。在生物堆肥處理方面，乃將污染土壤與廚餘堆肥化之中間物種，以四種不同混合比例混參，進行半厭氧發酵，並紀錄處理過程中之溫度及有機物之濃度變化。研究結果顯示，經焚化處理後，有機物之破壞去除效率(DRE)均可達99.998%以上，且處理後灰渣中之有機物殘留濃度皆低於0.0173㎎╱㎏，焚燒過程中所排放之空氣污染物，皆符合現行環保法規標準。以生物堆肥法處理時，因有機物逸散性大，處理效率為14-98%，變異較大。比較焚化處理與生物堆肥法清理之成本，分別為7650元╱公噸與8900元╱公噸。因此，若是以法令適用性、清理機構選擇、二次污染控制、處理後殘留濃度、處理後體積、處理時程、處理效率以及清理成本的觀點來評估，本研究建議以採用焚化法處理受有機溶劑污染之土壤為佳。[[abstract]]The aims of this study were to examine the treatment of organic solvent contaminated soil by direct incineration and biological methods in a particular case in Erlun, Yunlin. In the heat treatment process, the contaminated soil which mixed with non-hazardous industrial wastes was burned by the fluidized bed incinerator. It used GC/MS to analyze the VOC concentrations of the soil before and after treating. In the bio-composting process, the contaminated soil was mixed with four kinds of dissimilar partition to seed , and proceeded semi-anaerobic fermentation. The temperature and the VOC concentrations of the soil before and after bio-composting were recorded. Results revealed that the Destruction and Removal Efficiency(DRE) could be higher than 99.998% after burning and the ash of the organic concentrated residues could be lower than 0.0173mg/kg. The gas emission also would conform to environmental regulations. By using biological composting, the vaporizing efficiency of volatile organic contaminats is around 14-98%. The VOCs variability is still high. The cost of direct incineration and biological treatment are 7650 NT$/ton and 8900NT$/ton, respectively. Therefore, we conclude that incineration can be considered to be a good alternative direct to treat organic solvent contaminated soil