Comparison Study of Biodegradable and LDPE Plastic Film in their Manufacture and Waste by LCA Method

[[abstract]]本研究之目的係利用生命週期評估的方法，配合荷蘭所發展出之生命週期評估軟體Simapro，選定Eco-Indicator 95評估方式，針對生物可分解塑膠Mater-Bi膜與低密度聚乙烯膜（LDPE），評估比較其在製程與廢棄處理階段對環境的影響，並依據CNS標準來比較兩塑膠膜之機械性質與耐化學性。本研究從目的與範疇之界定開始，而後進行工廠盤查，於工廠實地蒐集製程中所需之能源物料以及污染排放等資料，進一步分析兩塑膠膜之物化性質、機械性質與耐化學性，並由模擬掩埋及焚化處理實驗所取得之數據，作為盤查階段之盤查數據。經Simapro運算結果顯示，在製造階段的環境衝擊方面，Mater-Bi膜的總衝擊指數為2.67 mPt小於LDPE膜的5.5 mPt，主要影響類別為溫室效應、酸化、優養化、冬季煙霧與夏季煙霧。在廢棄處理階段的環境衝擊方面，Mater-Bi膜的總衝擊指數為3.98 mPt亦小於LDPE膜的7.83 mPt。綜合製造階段與廢棄處理階段之環境衝擊可發現，無論製程或廢棄處理皆以Mater-Bi膜的環境衝擊度較低。但在機械性質與耐化學性方面，則是以LDPE膜優於Mater-Bi膜。[[abstract]]The purpose of this study is based on LCA by using Simapro to evaluate and compare the environmental impact of Mater-Bi film and LDPE film in their manufacture process and waste disposal. Moreover, the contrast of mechanical properties and the resistance to chemicals of two plastic firms is based on CNS standard. This study begins with goal and scope definition, and then implementing inventory to collect the needs of sources and pollution emission data from the factories. Furthermore, to analyzes the physics and chemical properties, mechanical properties of both plastic films, and the Resistance to chemicals. In addition, the data concerned to landfill disposal and incineration treatment of plastic films were obtained from laboratory simulation. The results indicated, environment impact in manufacture process that the total impact of Mater-Bi film is 2.67 mPt less than 5.5 mPt of LDPE film. The major affected categories are greenhouse, acidification, eutrophication, winter smog and summer smog. Besides, environment impact in waste disposal shows that the total impact of Mater-Bi film is 3.98 mPt less than 7.83 mPt of LDPE film. To integrate the environment impact of manufacture and waste disposal process, the result indicated that Mater-Bi film has the least significant impact in both them. Nevertheless, the LDPE film is better than Mater-Bi film in mechanical properties and the Resistance to Chemicals