Study of Design Management for Manufacturing Plant Projectsin China ---Case of Semiconductor Plants in Zhang-Jiang High-Tech Park, Shanghai

[[abstract]]隨著大陸地區市場的開放，台灣製造業面臨本地勞工與土地成本的不斷高漲下，開始西進中國大陸。統計數據顯示，至2002年止，大陸IT資訊產值高達350億美元，其中65%來自於台灣廠商所貢獻，而高科技產業大舉西進的建廠過程中，也讓台灣營建業者跟隨進入大陸市場。上海市政府於1992年成立「張江高科技工業園區」，吸引國外投資，全力發展中國半導體產業，並以促進高科技產業為目標。由於高科技產業需要投入龐大的投資金額，台商在大陸地區建廠專案的規劃設計階段，如何運作得宜？必須建立相關的知識體系。本研究旨在以台商半導體廠商業主方的觀點，以上海市張江高科技園區個案半導體廠為例，探討其經營之關鍵成功要素有那些。 本研究首先探討大陸科技廠房規劃設計的流程，以期瞭解工程建設專案技術層面的特性。本研究進一步作文獻回顧，並藉由包括業主方、設計方和承包商的訪談結果，進行研究議題的歸納分析與結論。對業主方而言，歸納設計階段管理的關鍵成功因素有下列幾點： (1)、派任具有設計能力與經驗的設計人員； (2)、業主方規劃人員對大陸設廠的程序，法規瞭解是否深入； (3)、協力廠商與大陸設計單位及施工隊配合度； (4)、建廠組織與目標是否明確、權責是否單一； (5)、避免決策經常變更、反覆不定； (6)、具有專長互補性的台籍與大陸籍幹部組成的建廠專業團隊。 期望經由本論文的完成，對往後大陸設廠投資的廠商能有所助益。[[abstract]]Along with the opening of the Chinese market, the manufacturing industries of Taiwan have begun to move westwards due to the rising costs of local labor and land. Statistics show that the output value of the information technology (IT) sector in China reached 35 billion US dollars by 2002, 65% of which came from Taiwanese investments. With many high-tech plant projects springing up in China, Taiwanese construction companies have also started entering the Chinese construction market. Aiming at promoting the high-tech sector, the Shanghai City government established the Zhang-Jiang high—tech park in 1992 to attract overseas investors and develop the semi-conductor industry. Since high-tech production businesses involve large amounts of investment, Taiwanese IT firms must acquire the relevant knowledge of how to manage the design of a plant construction project in the Chinese environment in order to achieve a successful undertaking. The objective of this study is to establish the key success factors on design management from the viewpoint of Taiwanese investors of semi-conductor plants, using case projects in the Zhang-Jiang high—tech park. Besides an understanding of the technical characteristics of a production plant project, special requirements of the planning and design processes in China would have to be probed into. Study of documents and interviews with owners, designers, and consultants were made to collect information and opinions for analysis to draw conclusions. The results show that the key success factors are: 1. appoint designers with the best capability and experience; 2. fully understand the planning and design processes and applicable regulations; 3. make good coordination between local partners, designers, and contractors; 4. clearly define the organization and purposes of a plant construction project, as well as the rights and responsibilities of each project member; 5. avoid changing and inconsistent decisions; 6. use a professional construction team made up of Taiwanese and Chinese staff with complementary skills