A study for developing global logistics strategies in the economics processing zone

[[abstract]]臺灣位居亞太地區之中心，擁有極佳的地理位置，在全球運籌管理中，扮演極重要及關鍵的角色，目前政府正積極推動「全球運籌發展計畫」。透過全球運籌管理，不僅傳統產業得到重生，同時加強引導高科技製造業及生物科技發展，掌握未來之通路，必能確立臺灣經濟在全球之重要地位。 加工出口區為國內製造與外銷經驗最久之特區，近年來隨著國內產業的發展，也朝向高科技產業轉型。大部分之加工出口區均位於大高雄地區，為台灣南部產業聚集之地，更有世界第三大的高雄港，以及小港機場，提供全球運籌物流活動的重要基礎，配合高雄市政府所積極推動的多功能經貿園區，提供全球運籌所需貿易、金融、資訊服務等活動所需環境。經建會所提「全球運籌發展計畫」所需產業環境條件在高雄地區皆隱約可見，若能配合此計畫，加強加工出口區與兩港(高雄港、小港機場)以及多功能經貿園區的整合，將成為國內最具「全球運籌中心」發展潛能的地區。 本研究首先將全球運籌管理加以說明，其次，探討就當前業界所面臨嶄新的全球營運需求，即全球運籌管理(Global Logistics Management)之營運模式、現有產業環境之問題、政府推動全球運籌之努力、成果及相關優惠措施、並針對加工出口區在台灣經濟發展之貢獻、角色定位、運籌環境與競爭優勢，結合高雄多功能經貿園區、高雄港及高雄國際機埸之運籌環境分析並彙整國外主要國家發展自由貿易區之相關文獻探討。 最後，針對加工出口區在全球運籌中心發展上，提出初步構想及作為方向，針對加工出口區在全球運籌之發展，以多評準決策方法（Multiple Criteria Decision Making , MCDM）中之Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)分析層級分析法提出初步構想及策略方向，並就相關構想，研擬可行之作為方案，盼對台灣發展全球運籌與物流中心的政策與措施提出建議，提供國內產、官、學界重要研究與實務參考及期望對全球運籌、國際物流領域，帶來新的研究方向。[[abstract]]Taiwan locates in the center of Asia-Pacific region, enjoys an edge in terms of excellent geography and plays a very important and key role in the global logistics management. The R.O.C government is aggressively pushing the “Global Logistics Development Plan”. Throughout the global logistics management, not only can the traditional industries regenerate, but also can strengthen the guidance of development of high-tech and biotech industries, and seize the future channel, thus ensure the Taiwan economic in the important global position. The Economic Processing Zones (EPZs) are Taiwan’s most experienced special economic zones, both in manufacturing and exporting. Recently, the EPZs have also stridden toward the transitions in high-tech industries due to the development of domestic industries. Most of the EPZs are in the greater Kaohsiung area that clusters the southern Taiwan industries. Furthermore, the world’s 3rd largest Kaohsiung seaport and airport provide the solid foundations for global logistics activities. In accordance with the Multi-functional Economic and Trade Park (METP) heavily initiated by the Kaohsiung City Government, the EPZs can offer the needed environments for the activities of trade, banking and information in the global logistics. The necessary industrial environment conditions of the “Global Logistics Development Plan” proposed by the Council of Economic Planning and Development (CEPD) can be roughly seen in Kaohsiung. If it can fit the plan by strengthening the integration of EPZs, Kaohsiung airport, seaport and the METP, then Kaohsiung will become the most potential developing area of global logistics in Taiwan. This study will detail the global logistics management first, and secondly, explore the new global operation needs currently faced in the industries, namely, the operation models of global logistics, the existing problems of industrial environments, the efforts devoted by the R.O.C government, the outcomes and related favored steps in global logistics. In the meanwhile, this study will also aim at the contributions made by the EPZs in Taiwan’s economic development, role positioning, logistics environments and competitive advantages, combine the analysis of global logistics environments of the METP, Kaohsiung seaport and airport, and summarize the exploration of development of free trade zones (FTZs) by major foreign countries. At last, focusing on the development of global logistics center by EPZs, this study will also submit the initial conceptions and strategic directions with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) of Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM), research and roughcast practical initiatives. Hoping that this study can present the suggestions for policies and steps of developing Taiwan’s global logistics and physical distribution, bring the domestic indurtries, governments and academics important research and practices references, and look forward to bearing new research directions to the fields in global logistics and international physical distribution