Discussion Inter-organizational Information Sharing and Supply Chain Integration Performance base on Contingency Factors- Multiple Cases Study

[[abstract]]隨著環境的快速變遷，企業與企業間的流程己從獨立轉變相互間往來頻繁的流程結合，亦是今日所謂的供應鏈關係，許多企業都積極地在推動產業整合，藉著整合的過程，透過品質系統的實施、標準化的制度與企業間資訊的共享等諸多的方法，大幅降低生產成本、縮短產品生命週期、快速回應顧客的需求；在面對環境快速變遷、消費型態改變時，能夠快速且有效地作適度的調整，以改善企業之組織型態以維持競爭優勢。 供應鏈的整合，主要可分成金流、物流、產品流及資訊流四大方面，但是金流、物流及產品流，都有賴於資訊流的整合以協調企業間的合作關係，因此，資訊流的整合是企業間達成供應鏈整合以及建立合作關係重要的一環；在供應鏈上的各個成員，彼此藉由保有或交換資訊以提高競爭優勢，但是，不充分的資訊分享難以達到供應鏈整合的績效，過度的資訊分享則會喪失議價能力，因此跨組織之間的資訊分享確實是一個值得研究探討的問題。 本研究以個案研究法，對象為分屬不同產業之八家公司進行研究，採用「情境理論」作為理論基礎，旨在探討各個供應鏈成員在不同的組織情境因素影響之下，對於跨組織間的資訊分享的情況，並瞭解「跨組織資訊分享」對於「供應鏈整合績效」的影響。[[abstract]]As the environmental changing violently, almost all enterprises can’t survive without other enterprises’ cooperation. Many firms have tied with each other and formed an industrial chain structure relationship aggressively called as “Supply Chain Relationship”. Therefore, many enterprises had striving for industrial stream integration. With these integration processes, may go through some methods such as taking quality control system, standardizing procedures and sharing information within many enterprises, to achieve firms’ goals of reducing cost, shorten product lifecycle, quick response customers’ demand etc. Supply chain integration may assist enterprises to keep their competitive advantage by improving the enterprise processing effectively for facing the changeable market. “Supply Chain Integration” could be divided into four parts to discuss that include cash flow, logistic flow, product flow and information flow. Before firms want to integrate cash flow, logistic flow, product flow it’s better to integrate “information flow” firstly. According to all product flow, logistic flow and cash flow of firms are based on their smoothing information operation. Therefore, it is not hard to find that information integration is a key factor for supply chain integration. Although information integration is a very important factor for supply chain integration, there are existing some dilemmas on sharing information within many firms. It is necessary for most of firms to contain the parts of private information that may increase their bargaining power but that secret contains of information sharing for individual firm are helpless for related firms to achieve supply chain integration. Therein, inter-organizational information sharing is a discussing issue worthily in supply chain integration. This study had interviewed eight cases that included different industries to make a comparison analysis. This study has based on “contingency theory” to investigate the relationship among organizational contingency factors and inter-organizational information sharing. Finally, this study had deeply described the eight cases SCM implementing as to the impacts on inter-organizational information sharing and supply chain integrated-performance