Delay Analysis Techniques for Construction Project

[[abstract]]營建工程規模隨著科技進步日趨龐大及複雜，營建施工過程所涵蓋之介面甚廣，使工程不易達到預定時程，工程遲延發生機率甚高，導致遲延賠償及責任歸屬所引發的問題也一直為研究之主要課題。近年來國外研究已提出十多種工程遲延之分析法，其中以「竣工時程縮減分析法」及「時間影響分析法」最廣泛被認同且採用。然而，國內由於業主採用之排程方法不一，且對工程遲延分析法缺乏較深入之探討，故至今對於遲延之分析方法尚未有一致性之見解，一旦專案發生遲延時往往不可避免產生爭議。 本研究主要目的在於瞭解目前我國營造業針對排程方法及工程遲延分析法之使用情形並提出在國內營造業現況下最適之遲延分析法。透過文獻回顧及問卷調查方式對相關資料之蒐集，研究分析結果顯示(1)目前國內營建專案工程除業主要求採用CPM網圖外，大多仍採用傳統之桿狀圖控管時程；(2)多數工程人員缺乏嚴謹之訓練，以至於對工程排程及遲延分析法不為瞭解；(3)採用桿狀圖之專案工程因桿狀圖本身之缺陷，而採用CPM方法繪製預定進度圖之專案，因大多並無依之實際施作且適時更新(Update)，皆無法當作遲延分析之依據。因此，本研究以案例驗證在缺乏一合乎邏輯及符合實際施作之網狀進度圖情形下，採用竣工時程縮減分析法，以實際竣工時程重建施工網圖做為分析工程專案遲延責任及影響之基準，應為合理公平且較可行之方法。[[abstract]]In recent years due to the increasing size and complexity of construction projects the construction projects are frequently unable to execute according to the planned schedule for various kinds of causes and the volume of dispute and litigation caused by the delays grew substantially Previous studies have suggested various techniques based on Critical Path Method (CPM) to analyze and apportion the responsibility of delays and among these techniques “As-built Collapsing Analysis” and “Time impact analysis” are generally recognized and adopted However in Taiwan because most owners are in lack of knowledge of scheduling and delay analysis a standard method for analyzing the project delays has not yet been established and once delays occur they will often become disputes The main purpose of this study is to understand the usage of scheduling methods and delay analysis techniques in the current construction industry and then propose a delay analysis technique which can analyze and equitably apportion the responsibilities of project delays under the current conditions Based on the information collected through questionnaires it is shown that due to the lack of extensive training of project scheduling most engineers do not fully understand the scheduling methods and delay analysis techniques Moreover while most owners require contractors to use CPM for scheduling some contractors still use the traditional Bar Chart schedule and the other only use CPM to prepare an as-planned schedule which is never updated in the course of construction Furthermore by using a case this research successfully demonstrate that under the conditions that without an As-planned network or an updated CPM schedule based on the actual project data an as-built project network can be built as the baseline schedule and the As-built Collapsing Analysis technique can be easily used to analyze delay impact and equitably apportion the responsibility of delay