A Study of Japanese Positive Action on Discrimination and the Inspiration Offered To Taiwan

[[abstract]] 積極性平權措施是針對在教育、就業、政治等領域中，在長久的歷史上或是結構上受到差別待遇的族群，為了消除昔日差別待遇所產生的弊害而採取的積極措施及其對策。 由於，積極性平權措施是屬於暫時性的措施。因此，在消除事實上的不平等，積極性平權措施賦予受到差別待遇的族群，享有某程度上的「特別待遇」以及「優先待遇」之權益。而其特色為以下三項。○1為了達到事實上的平等之目的，跳脫禁止差別待遇的規定，所實施的積極性措施。○2實施對象並非特定個人，以受到差別待遇之族群為主要對象之措施。○3此為暫時性措施。 積極性平權措施在美國以及法國等國家實施（在美國被稱之為affirmative action）。以日本而言在就業領域中，開始實施積極性平權措施是在男女僱用機會均等法修訂之際，才引進此措施。 台灣在2002年時制定了兩性工作平等法，2008年該法律改名為性別工作平等法。但，至今在法律中並無積極平權措施之相關規定。 台灣在不久的將來，為了要促使男女平等之發展，勢必要引進積極性平權措施。屆時，在引進積極性平權措施之際，日本的積極平權措施可供台灣參考。 本論文主要的目的為研究探討日本的積極性平權措施，希望日後可以提供台灣參考諮詢。[[abstract]] Positive action means the positive measures or policies to the groups that are being historically constructively discriminated in education employment politics fields for removing the abuses from the past To allow some special well treatments to the discriminated groups positive action is the provisional step for removing the actual differences The characteristics of positive action are: ○1 The positive measure for going beyond the limit of discriminative prohibition and reach the actual equality ○2Compare to the specific individuals it will focus more on the discriminated groups ○3 It’s a provisional step Though positive action was conducted in American France and some other countries (Positive action was called “affirmative action” in America); In Japan according to the field of the employment and the revision of Law on Securing Etc of Equal Opportunity and Treatment between Men and Women in Employment positive action has been introduced In Taiwan the statute of Both Sexes Equality Employment had been enacted in 2002 And in 2008 the same statute has been revised to Gender Equality Employment However there is still not any prescription about positive action now in Taiwan To proceed with the gender equality positive action is supposed to be introduced to Taiwan When introducing it was considered that Japanese Positive Action will be referred The purpose of this thesis is to research Japanese Positive Action and offer the consultation to Taiwa