The Efficiency of the Raw Material Discharging Operation in the Integrated Steel Mill- A Case Study of China Steel Corporation

[[abstract]]一貫作業煉鋼廠生產原料主要為鐵礦、煤礦，而這些原料主要產地皆集中於南半球，因此絕大部分一貫作業煉鋼廠生產所需原料皆必須仰賴自國外進口，因此擁有原料專用碼頭是一貫作業煉鋼廠之必要條件。因為這些煉鋼、煉鐵用之原物料透過海運方式運送，所以一貫作業煉鋼廠生產原料成本除採購成本外亦包含海運運輸成本，海運運輸成本佔有一定比重。 實務上，一貫作業煉鋼廠之原料碼頭卸船作業效率會直接影響其海運運輸成本，如果碼頭卸船作業效率高，租傭船人將可獲得船方支付之獎勵金，稱之為快卸費；反之，碼頭卸船作業效率低，租傭船人必須支付船方延滯費，以賠償船東損失。 國內對於船舶裝卸效率研究主要是以貨櫃碼頭為主，甚少對大宗原物料(散裝貨輪)作業碼頭效率進行研究，本研究係針對中鋼原料專用碼頭進行港埠作業效率研究，探討中鋼原料專用碼頭卸船作業效率，再根據尋找最適值的觀點，在不同作業條件下求出單一船舶之最適裝船量。[[abstract]]Main raw materials for integrated steel mill are coal and iron and they are mainly imported from its origin in the southern globe Therefore to own a specific wharf for raw materials is an essential condition for integrated steel mill The cost of refine steel and iron includes the raw material cost and also the transportation cost which the ocean-transport charges possess a certain percentage in roll In fact the raw materials discharging efficiency at port will affect directly on the ocean transport cost With high efficient during discharging shipper will reward charter with bonus usually call the dispatch Otherwise if discharging with low efficient the charter will pay ship’s owner with demurrage to cover his lost The domestic’s main research for vessel discharging efficiency is based on container wharf rarely on bulk cargo carriers This research is principally target on the operation efficiency at China Steel raw material terminal To probe into wharf’s discharging efficiency then to analysis a proper perspective to find the best loading for each vessel under different working conditio