As consequências de saúde e sociais em vítimas de violência sexual em conflito armado: uma revisão sistemática (1992-2019)

Dissertação de Mestrado em Psiquiatria Social e Cultural apresentada à Faculdade de MedicinaO objetivo desta revisão sistemática é analisar as consequências de saúde físicas, mentais esociais em vítimas civis de violência sexual provenente de períodos de conflito armado. Osdados em conflito armado tendem a focar nas mortes e no número de lesionados queocorreram, e não sobre actos específicos, como a violência sexual. O objetivo desta revisãosistemática é explorar os dados disponíveis e realçar a falta de atenção que vítimasmaculinas recebem por parte da comunidade internacional de forma a contribuír ao policymaking e à saúde global.BibliographyAlbutt, K., Kelly, J., Kabanga, J., & Vanrooyen, M. (2016). Stigmatisation and rejection ofsurvivors of sexual violence in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Disasters,41(2),211-227. doi:10.1111/disa.12202Alison, M. (2007). Wartime sexual violence: Women’s human rights and questions ofmasculinity. Review of International Studies,33(1), 75-90. doi:10.1017/s0260210507007310Almeida, Francisco António de Macedo Lucas Ferreira de. (2003). Direito internacionalpúblico. Coimbra: Coimbra Editora.Amone-P’Olak, K., Ovuga, E., & Jones, P. B. (2015). The effects of sexual violence onpsychosocial outcomes in formerly abducted girls in Northern Uganda: The WAYSstudy. BMC Psychology,3(1). doi:10.1186/s40359-015-0103-2Anderson, K., Delić, A., Komproe, I., Avdibegović, E., Ee, E. V., & Glaesmer, H. (2019).Predictors of posttraumatic growth among conflict-related sexual violence survivors fromBosnia and Herzegovina. Conflict and Health,13(1). doi:10.1186/s13031-019-0201-5The aim of this systematic review is to look at the physical, psychological and social healthoutcomes for male and female civilian victims of conflict-related sexual violence. Data inarmed-conflict tends to focus almost exclusively on the number of deaths and casualtieswhich occurred, rather than outcomes of specific acts, such as sexual violence. The aim ofthis systematic review is to explore the data available and highlight the lack of attentionmale victims of conflict-related sexual violence receive from the international communityto contribute towards the improvement of policy making and global health.Keywords: Sexual Violence, Conflict, Global Health, International Community,Systematic Review. ConclusionThis study highlights physical, mental and social consequences of male and female civilianvictims of conflict-related sexual violence. Women and girls are unequivocallydisproportionately affected by conflict-related sexual violence compared to men. Ananalysis of the international agenda was provided in relation to the UNSC Resolutions1325 (2000), 1820 (2008), 1888 (2009), 1960 (2010) and 2106 (2013) on its inclusion ofmale victims and why along with prevention and justice in this scenario, health careservices also need to be urgently addressed so to improve gaps in policy-making and globalhealth research. BibliographyAlbutt, K., Kelly, J., Kabanga, J., & Vanrooyen, M. (2016). Stigmatisation and rejection ofsurvivors of sexual violence in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Disasters,41(2),211-227. doi:10.1111/disa.12202Alison, M. (2007). Wartime sexual violence: Women’s human rights and questions ofmasculinity. Review of International Studies,33(1), 75-90. doi:10.1017/s0260210507007310Almeida, Francisco António de Macedo Lucas Ferreira de. (2003). Direito internacionalpúblico. Coimbra: Coimbra Editora.Amone-P’Olak, K., Ovuga, E., & Jones, P. B. (2015). The effects of sexual violence onpsychosocial outcomes in formerly abducted girls in Northern Uganda: The WAYSstudy. BMC Psychology,3(1). doi:10.1186/s40359-015-0103-2Anderson, K., Delić, A., Komproe, I., Avdibegović, E., Ee, E. V., & Glaesmer, H. (2019).Predictors of posttraumatic growth among conflict-related sexual violence survivors fromBosnia and Herzegovina. Conflict and Health,13(1). doi:10.1186/s13031-019-0201-